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Tag: "overexpression" at biology news

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...isease cells. Following compromise of the UPS, the overexpression of proteasome activator PA28 can specifically recover proteasome function and improve cell viability in both HD model and patient cells. These remarkable results demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to intervene therapeutically in t...

Molecular differences between early and advanced melanomas could provide new drug targets

...ice developed no tumors. Another result of Akt overexpression was the increased production of reactive oxygen (R...s induced by Akt. "Our research shows that Akt overexpression on its own is sufficient to transform radial growth melanoma cells into highly invasive tumors via r...

MicroRNAs as tumor suppressors

...icroRNAs have an important role in suppressing the overexpression of HMGA2, and so may have a role in the causation and perhaps the cure of a disease that is responsible for the vast majority of hysterectomies in the Western world." Studying chromosomal HMGA2 translocations that are associated with human tumors,...

Protein overexpression at heart of heart failure

...ved in a mouse model of heart failure with cardiac overexpression of the human L-type Ca2+-channel pore. The causal ..., cardiac-specific, drug-inducible beta 2a subunit overexpression transgenic mouse which was crossbred with the channel pore overexpressing mouse when still nonfailin...

Protein found to shield pancreatic cancer cells from self-destruction

...gan (metastasized). "In general, you rarely see overexpression of TG2 in a normal cell," says Kapil Mehta, Ph.D.,...and colleagues in the past year have connected TG2 overexpression to drug-resistant and metastatic breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and melanoma. Expression of TG2...

MicroRNAs can be tumor suppressors

...a Dutta have shown that microRNAs can suppress the overexpression of a gene called HMGA2. This gene is related to cr...icroRNAs have an important role in suppressing the overexpression of HMGA2. Thus, they may also have a role in causing, and perhaps curing, a disease that is responsi...

Novel vaccine shows promise against early-stage breast cancer

.../neu over-expression. Patients with HER-2/neu overexpression were given a therapy of dendritic cells (DC, which work with the B- and T-cells to trigger immune responses) that were treated with HER-2/neu to evoke an immune response. The participants received four weekly vaccinations into normal lymph nodes in ...

A fisheye view of the deadliest breast cancer

...sing cells scattered within the fish tissue. RhoC overexpression also increased tumor cell membrane dynamics leading to continuous shedding of small cellular fragments. The transparent fish also let the researchers make high-resolution 3D images of two potential anticancer compounds at work: a vascular endot...

Enzyme shreds Alzheimer's protein

...unction and promote the development of AD, whereas overexpression of CatB could counteract Aß accumulation and aggregation. Thus, pharmacological activation of CatB could downregulate Aß1-42 assemblies through C-terminal truncation, offering an approach to the treatment of AD." ...

MIT finds most complex protein knot ever seen

...nots in two other proteins - a brain protein whose overexpression and mutations are linked with cancer and Parkinson's disease, and a protein involved in the HIV replication cycle. They have also found examples of proteins that are closely related and structurally similar except for the presence or absence of a k...

Stem cell expansion

... has failed. Kiem and colleagues achieved HOXB4 overexpression through introducing an active copy of the gene into the cells. However, because HOXB4 protein is available in recombinant form (i.e. produced in cell culture, much like human insulin), it should be possible to treat HSCs directly with the protein, av...

Molecular force field helps cancer cells defend against attack

...ovides an important clue as to how to exploit this overexpression for the therapy of human cancers." Steven Frisch, a professor of biochemistry and molecular pharmacology at West Virginia University, said the research raises "the compelling possibility of targeting FAK for a novel cancer therapy." "FAK plays a ma...

'Shuttling' protein possibly key to resilience of cancer cells

...e nucleus. Because it has been reported that ATF2 overexpression causes the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiation, the ATF2 shuttling might play a key role in the ability of cancer cells to resist cancer treatments, and preventing the ATF2 from moving into the cytoplasm might improve the effecti...

Growth factor-promoting angiogenesis expressed in tumor cells and normal neurons

... improved survival in mouse glioma models, whereas overexpression of SCF is associated with a worse prognosis and shorter survival in patients with glioblastomas. SCF expression is not directly linked to tumor cell proliferation but instead encourages the growth of blood vessels needed to support the expanding tumo...

Evolutionary shifts in olfactory sensitivities in fruit flies

...e researchers' findings indicate that the relative overexpression of MeHex-specific receptor neurons in D. sechellia compared to D. melanogaster has occurred at the expense of two other types of sensilla. The work suggests that the evolution of a specialized olfactory system can occur during a limited evolutionary...

Single microRNA causes cancer in transgenic mouse

... knowledge, this is the first direct evidence that overexpression of a microRNA results in the development of a neop...ated." Although they now understand that miR 155 overexpression can lead to cancer, the researchers say they still haven't identified the exact mechanism that makes...

Engineered mouse mimics cognitive aspects of schizophrenia

...the mouse strain so that they could shut down this overexpression by giving the mice the antibiotic doxycycline. The researchers found that the engineered animals showed no difference from normal mice in their general cognitive functioning, activity level, sensorimotor functioning, or anxiety. However, the mice d...

Retroviral resistance gene found

...ering the host cell nucleus. "We suspect that the overexpression of FEZ1 interferes with intracellular trafficking of the viral preintegration complex and traps the viral DNA in the cytoplasm. We hope that learning more about this transport machinery might reveal a new target for antiviral drugs in the treatment o...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...cause of various forms of cancer--for instance the overexpression of genes that cause the cell to grow and the suppression of genes that curb cell growth. Humans and other animals have evolved many overlapping ways of controlling gene expression. Many different controls determine when a DNA gene is transcribed int...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...and species. Taken together, our data suggest that overexpression of DJ-1 can modulate PTEN tumor expression to the point where oncogenesis may result from upregulated PKB/Akt-mediated cell survival," writes Dr. Mak. Elevated DJ-1 levels may explain why some tumors without PTEN mutations exhibit enhanced PKB/Akt ac...

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