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Tag: "organs" at biology news

3-D ultrasound scanner could guide robotic surgeries

... on still images, such as CT scans, of a patients' organs captured prior to biopsy to locate lesions suspected to be cancer. As artificial intelligence technology improves in the coming decades, the scanner might even be able to guide surgical robots without the help of a surgeon, the researchers said. ...

Vaccine combined with short-term postexposure antibiotics protects monkeys from inhalational anthrax

.... The organism then spreads unimpeded to all major organs of the body, causing tissue damage and death. While most spores probably germinate within a few days, some spores can remain dormant for much longer periods, which poses special challenges with regard to postexposure treatment. According to Friedlan...

Crohn's disease gene identified

...tant role in activating inflammation, including in organs of the digestive tract, therefore it could be an extremely important target for improving the management of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis," said Cho. "However, the IL-23 pathway may serve a useful purpose in protecting us from other diseases...

Study of gene transfer for erectile dysfunction shows promise

... of muscle found in the penis as well as in hollow organs such as the bladder. Relaxing the tissue allows the penis to fill with blood and become erect. Previous research has shown that more than 50 percent of men between 40 and 70 years old and 70 percent over age 70 may have ED. The new therapy is a p...

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

... (ischemia) that causes the greatest damage to the organs and tissues, explained Andrews. Instead, the great...ings could one day extend the time we can preserve organs for transplant and give doctors time to find a suitable recipient, Carey and Andrews said. The resea...

Complexity constrains evolution of human brain genes

...slowdown in genetic evolution in the more advanced organs makes sense," he said, "only when one takes a systems perspective."...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...r energy requirement for one of the most expensive organs in their bodies: the brain," van Schaik added. "This brings us closer to a good ecological theory of variation in brain size, and thus of the conditions steering cognitive evolution," he said. "Such a theory is vital for understanding what happened...

Circadian gene helps the brain predict mealtime

..., interestingly, synchronization of timing between organs by scheduled meals is not affected by the Period 2 mutation, indicating that this gene is not crucial for scheduled food availability to affect the physiological coordination of tissues outside the central nervous system. The authors of the study...

U of MN researchers find novel genes critical in organ development

..., differentiate and migrate to properly form vital organs in the correct places during development. The r...on give us a new level of resolution for how these organs develop," said Stephen Ekker, Ph.D., associate professor of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development a...

Insulin receptor stops progression of Alzheimer's disease

...ma and delta. All are found in various tissues and organs in the body, including the brain, and PPAR gamma is already FDA approved as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes, or adult-onset diabetes. The two other classes of PPAR agonists have not yet been approved for clinical use. Following treatment, many of th...

Three-dimensional, miniature endoscope opens new diagnostic possibilities

...h give physicians access to hard-to-reach internal organs and structures ?utilize bundles of optical fibers to supply light to and transmit images from the areas of interest. Larger endoscopes that use image sensors to produce high-quality, two-dimensional images can be a centimeter or more in diameter. E...

Advance helps explain stem cell behavior

...e variety of cells that ultimately make up all the organs and parts of a living vertebrate animal. The fin...d help address disease problems, injuries, failing organs or other medical issues. "If you have an electrical problem in a car, you can repair it a lot easi...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...okines) and molecules (free radicals) that tear at organs until they fail. The goal of the current study was to identify the few genes and proteins that play a central role in T-cell mediated immune and organ failure. Given that severe trauma effects as many as 20 percent of the 20,000 or so human genes, ...

Two-faced protein can stop metastasis or promote it, researchers say

...a strong barrier-like layer covering the inside of organs and body cavities and the outside skin of humans. "E-cadherin holds a human's cells and tissues together," Anastasiadis says. The other cadherins featured in this study belong to a group that collectively is called "mesenchymal" cadherins, which pro...

Nano-devices hold promise for early-stage cancer detection

...cation system for non-invasive screening in target organs systems such as the breast, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and the relaying of information to an external receiver; developing ingestible and insertable non-invasive imagers for routine screening of pancreatic and gastrointestinal tumors; se...

For crickets, parasitic flies can stop the music

...burrow into the insects, then feed on nonessential organs within the cricket while they grow. After they emerge from the dying cricket, they pupate and metamorphose into mature flies. Brockmann and co-author Manuel Vélez, a former UF student who earned his doctorate in 2004, hypothesized that the presenc...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

.... Or, researchers could plant cells from different organs in each well, and see how each kind of cell reacts to the same dosage -- a quick way to detect a drug's potential side effects on the body. "The trick is to use one pump for everything, and control the fluid distribution though all the channels," Ya...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...to repair, replace or regenerate cells, tissues or organs impaired by congenital defects, disease, trauma and other causes. It moves beyond traditional transplant and replacement therapies to include the use of stem cells, soluble molecules, genetic engineering, tissue engineering, and advanced cell therap...

Scientists explore how complex organs develop from a simple bud

...fects in the growth and development of fetal stage organs can affect organ function after birth -- have important implications for human health. Two of the reviews in the Journal delve into tubulogenesis ?a process that is intimately tied to branching morphogenesis. Another contains research aimed at help...

Virus may control Australia's

... attacking the carp's gills as well as other vital organs and eventually killing its host. Koi herpesvirus is attractive as a biological control agent as overseas studies suggest that it has a very limited host range, infecting only carp. "If the laboratory studies show promise, the next step will be exte...

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