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Tag: "organism" at biology news

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...ormal levels of IL-1beta. It’s the first use of an organism where scientists can boost IL-1beta in select areas and then watch what happens as the process unfolds. The team expected to see the telltale clumps of material known as amyloid plaques, made up of the peptide amyloid beta, worsen. Instead, to the...

Bigger horns equal better genes

...nces in genetic quality become more apparent as an organism ages. Coltman noted that his study, which incorporated genetic samples from more than 150 ibex, took into account the fact that environmental factors also play a role in determining ibex horn size. The ibex's horns are considered a "secondary ...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...w human Bartonella species, and culture of the new organism made study of the DNA much easier. Also collaborating on the research were scientists at the Massachusetts General Hospital of Harvard Medical School and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Before 1990, no Bartonella infections ha...

Marine phytoplankton changes form to protect itself from different predators

...t colonies of phytoplankton. A tiny single-celled organism that plays a key role in the carbon cycle of cold-...n. It’s certainly surprising that a single-celled organism can chemically sense the presence of nearby consumers, identify those consumers and change in opposi...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...scillation as a basic property of all genes in the organism as opposed to special function of some genes as previously believed. Knowing about oscillation properties of genes involved in metabolism is essential for understanding how genes interact with and regulate health and disease. Colorado State Universi...

Human genetic 'deserts' are teeming with significant life

...-in, where genes are added or deleted from a model organism in order to study the effect of therapies, he says. “It appears that the same nucleotide [the structural unit of DNA and RNA] on the genome can carry out a number of different, sometimes simultaneous, functions.” Professor Reymond’s team, in col...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

The genome of the organism that produces the world’s most lethal toxin is rev... sporogenes is the non-malignant, near twin of the organism sequenced. Professor Mike Peck, from the Institute of Food Research, commented that "It is astoni...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...rsity. "Photorhabdus is an important biocontrol organism that is used to control insect pests and reduces pesticide use, so the more we know about it, the more useful it can be. "Insects are the major players in almost every ecosystem on the planet, so we need to know as much as we can about them." ...

New bacteria test could improve quality of fruit and vegetable juice

...technique is significant because it identifies the organism quickly ?in a matter of hours, unlike traditional culturing methods, which are time consuming and require five to seven days to process. Lin said that testing time is critical for juice processing companies, which monitor for the bacteria during the ...

DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis

...ack together again, to recreate the identity of an organism from the scattered puzzle pieces of DNA. "One .... Binning is the process of identifying from what organism a particular sequence has originated. There are several methods employed to bin sequences. BLAST (B...

Parasites' impact goes beyond host to affect ecosystem

...e’s life cycle is a really amazing strategy for an organism that doesn’t have a brain," says Byers, who predicts that anywhere gulls are prevalent, the C. lingua trematode would also be prevalent. A laboratory experiment confirmed Wood’s and Byers?hypothesis: snails infected with the parasite ate 40 percen...

100 percent of pregnant women have at least one kind of pesticide in their placenta

...on period, all the contaminants accumulated in the organism have direct access to the microenvironment where the embryo/foetus develops. The doctoral thesis Exposición materno-infantil vía placentaria a compuestos químicos medioambientales con actividad hormonal (Maternal-child exposure via the placenta to ...

A new portable biosensor detects traces of contaminants in food more quickly and cheaply

...m to identify a virus or bacteria in the body. The organism attacks an infection by generating antibodies which hook onto, for example, a specific type of virus. Hence the virus is identified and may be eliminated. In the case of the sensors, specific antibodies for atrazine have been used (in the case of pes...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

...hese diseases are transmitted through a vector, an organism that spreads disease from one animal to another. ...h-borne transmission of a little-known fungus-like organism of the genus Ichthyophonus, which infects the muscles of red-spotted newts and other amphibians in N...

Remote sheep population resists genetic drift

...ction due to a greater variety of genetic tools an organism has to combat the forces, such as diseases, that may otherwise weaken or kill it. Coltman believes the harsh environment of Haute Island, with its cold winters, scarce resources and grass-borne parasites, has "kept the mouflon on their genetic to...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...n waiting for toxicity to be expressed as organ or organism failure many months or even years down the track from initial exposure. The application of in vitro methods could open new possibilities for toxicity testing of industrial chemicals, occupational and environmental contaminants, combustion product...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

...nds," McBride says. "They are designed to help the organism move over a variety of surfaces, like an all-terrain vehicle." Besides providing movement, McBride says the filaments also may be needed to move the cellulose and chitin molecules to certain sites where they can be digested or taken into the cell. ...

How fish species suffer as a result of warmer waters

...Finally, oxygen supply fails entirely, leaving the organism to perish. These results represent a significant step forward towards understanding the mechanisms involved in climate-induced alterations in marine ecosystems. The paper 'Climate change affects marine fishes through the oxygen limitation of therm...

A new study of living cells could revolutionize the way we test drugs

...cro-organism such as an amoeba. Yeast is a subdued organism and doesn’t generate much activity," says Professor Geim. "Probably, the most important outcome is that we defined an important goal. Cellular cardiograms can no longer be seen as absurd or science-fictional. If not us then someone else will soon dev...

New mechanism for nutrient uptake discovered

...to engineering better crops. "Every cell in every organism has a system for bringing in nutrition and expelling waste," explained lead author Dominique Loqué. "Some are through pore-like protein structures called transporters, which reside at the surface of the cell's outer membrane. Each pore is capable of ...

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