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Tag: "organ" at biology news

UCLA researchers develop T-cells from human embryonic stem cells

... just above the heart in humans, the thymus is the organ where T-cells develop. It gradually shrinks in adults, weakening the immune system over time. These results indicate that it is possible to decipher the signals that control the development of embryonic stem cells into mature T-cells, said study co-...

Copying nature could save us energy, study shows

...r structural health monitoring) and the egg-laying organ of a wood-wasp (for a new type of steerable endoscope). "Evolution has sculpted animals, insects and plants to produce incredibly efficient machines that carry out a range of impressive engineering feats," said Professor Vincent, Director of the Cen...

Cutting calories slightly can reduce aging damage

... can reduce or even reverse aging-related cell and organ damage in rats. The discovery, described this mon...a moderate exercise program is beneficial to a key organ such as the liver, which shows significant signs of dysfunction in the aging process," said Christia...

Patients to benefit from novel technology revolutionizing high-speed molecular imaging

...ng detector design capable of dwelling more on the organ of interest. This, together with radiation collection angles larger than in existing technology, constitutes a radical departure from the conventional Anger camera," he detailed. Besides providing improved statistics leading to better image quality a...

Electric fish in Africa could be example of evolution in action

...ds -- emit weak electric fields from a batterylike organ in their tails to sense their surroundings and communicate with other fish. Each species of mormyrid gives off a single characteristic electric impulse resulting in the flash of signals, indicating, for example, aggression, courtship and fear. While ...

3-D ultrasound scanner could guide robotic surgeries

...ould provide surgeons a more realistic view of the organ they are working on. "All the technology is avai... toward and then precisely puncturing the animal's organ can be downloaded at http://transducers.bme.duke.edu/movies.php .) "Once the robot takes over, it...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

... are, but unlike the liver, where nearly the whole organ is involved in the same thing, the brain is very specialized and only a few neurons do very specific things," says Lane. The researchers hope to further understand how malonyl-CoA and CPT1c function to control body weight and appetite....

Cell death following blood 'reflow' injury tracked to natural toxin

... the "smoking gun" responsible for most tissue and organ damage after a period of blood oxygen loss followed by a sudden restoration of blood oxygen flow. Working with mice, the Hopkins team found that the sudden oxygen bath triggered by restored blood flow causes cells to make a chemical so toxic it ki...

A transplant in time

...by transplanting (mother to daughter) a spleen, an organ that can manufacture a number of the missing proteins in some such diseases, had made little headway due to the fact that the spleen is home to the immune system's T cells ?cells responsible for the severe immune responses against the recipient known...

How does a zebrafish grow a new tail?

...g cell communication, these few cells grow into an organ or body part, in this case, a tail fin. "It is most likely the inability of humans to form a blastema in the first place that renders us unable to re-grow arms and legs," said Cristi Stoick-Cooper, a graduate student in the multidisciplinary Neuro...

International team analyzes human genetic variation in key immune region

...uman response to infection, autoimmune disease and organ transplantation. The work represents a milestone i...ocess called "HLA typing") in patients who receive organ transplants or suffer from autoimmune disease. Importantly, the researchers' data and analyses, wh...

Human testis harbors HIV-1 in resident immune cells

... point was demonstrated further by using explanted organ cultures in which human testis tissue was grown in...-retroviral drugs have difficulty penetrating this organ and may be present at sub-therapeutic levels. Thus, although HAART may achieve undetectable virus l...

U of MN researchers find novel genes critical in organ development

...tified a group of novel genes that are critical in organ development. The scientists studied the roles of ...compare the effects of removing different genes on organ formation and function. "The different gene phenotypes found in the collection give us a new leve...

Getting to the heart of the heart

...e development of the mammalian heart ?the earliest organ to develop, and the one most susceptible to congenital defects. They also bring researchers a step closer to being able to regenerate tissues to repair congenital heart defects in children and damage caused by heart attacks in adults. The two lab...

Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp

...er. "In other words, the kidney changed from an organ which excreted water at a greater rate than salt in river-water, to one which conserved water relative to salt in lake-water," explain the researchers. Long-term lake-water-acclimated fish also adjust by actively feeding and have much larger fat s...

Gene chip technology shows potential for identifying life-threatening blood infection

...ponse that can quickly overwhelm the body, causing organ failure and death, often within days. With a narrow window of opportunity for halting its lethal spread, doctors who suspect sepsis typically rush to prescribe powerful antibiotics, even before laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis. But this pr...

China's environmental challenges

... herons, and carp--all of which have exhibited sex organ malformations. Frontier's Finishing Lines columnist Katherine Ellison highlights Goldman Environmental Prize Award winner Yu Xiaogang, a Chinese watershed activist. She notes that the Chinese government realizes it must rely on the support of the p...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

...mune disease is active, but also the thymus -- the organ where T cells and self-proteins, or self-antigens,...ssues. The study, however, did not link a specific organ autoimmune attack with a specific protein missing in the thymus. In the new study, the researchers...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

...n-toxic concentrations prior to such procedures as organ transplant surgery or balloon angioplasty, CO provides potent protective effects against organ rejection or blockage of the carotid arteries. But, with these latest findings, explains senior aut...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

...mune disease is active, but also the thymus -- the organ where T cells and self-proteins, or self-antigens,...ssues. The study, however, did not link a specific organ autoimmune attack with a specific protein missing in the thymus. In the new study, the researchers...

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