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Tag: "occurs" at biology news

New possibilities for flu antiviral and vaccine research emerge from 'Spanish flu' virus

...only a matter of time before an avian flu outbreak occurs in humans and develops into a global pandemic, potentially costing millions of lives. Therapies against a new flu strain would need to disarm the parts of the virus that do the most damage to the body. In order to learn which components of the virus...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

... he explained. That process of learned association occurs in a portion of the amygdala called the lateral nucleus. As a first step to unravel the molecular events underlying fear learning, Shumyatsky's group recently identified several genes present at particularly high levels in the lateral nucleus and in...

Stroke treatment a step closer after trial

...ere are currently no treatments available. Stroke occurs when vessels supplying blood to the brain become blocked and the brain is starved of oxygen. A core area of the brain dies within minutes but it is the threatened area around this core that the treatment may help to salvage. "The protein targets the...

Zooming in on the protein-conducting channel

...ross or into membranes is a critical function that occurs in every cell. Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Joachim Frank at the Wadsworth Center and his colleagues reported their detailed study of the translocon's core, called the protein-conducting channel (PCC), in an article published in the ...

The dangerous legacy of lead

...enters for Disease Control. Toxic exposure usually occurs in older housing, where children come in contact with lead paint and dust and, as a result, may experience intellectual impairment, behavioral problems and lifelong health issues. The effects of lead in children are irreversible, so public health off...

Genetic testing still smart choice, despite uncertainties

...ink that embryo is normal and transfer it. "This occurs about 1 percent of the time, which means 99 percent of the time we will be accurate. Again the error is not due to a technical mistake but to natural errors occurring during early cell division in the embryo." Extracting test cells before the embryo...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...specific neural pulse within the living brain that occurs after exposure to a previously unknown stimulus." "Future investigations along the lines of our study may reveal previously overlooked memory traces in many other neural systems," said C. Giovanni Galizia, Galán's primary collaborator, who is now a ...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...e genome. The researchers found that this excision occurs in response to a so-called hypersensitive resistance reaction by the plant . The specific plant signals that are sensed by the pathogen to trigger the excision event remain to be identified. If some bacterial proteins give away the presence of the ...

Novel enzyme offers new look at gene regulation

...that contain a JmjC domain. For example, hair loss occurs in individuals with mutations in the JmjC domain of a protein called "hairless," possibly due to defects in the appropriate removal of histone methyl groups. "Given the large numbers of JmjC domain-containing proteins that exist in diverse organisms...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...mysterious mechanism of DNA repair. If a blockage occurs when genetic information from a cell's DNA is being transcribed into RNA -- an activity vital to the synthesis of proteins -- the transcription-coupled repair (TCR) process detects the obstruction and repairs the damage. But when TCR itself fails, th...

Finding the mind's eye

...riments using the phenomenon of "masking." Masking occurs when "a quickly flashed object seems to vanish because it is flanked by subsequently presented objects," said Tse. Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Tse said he and his team, "looked for areas of the brain where neuronal activity de...

Meditation associated with structural changes in brain

...d reduce the thinning of the cortex that typically occurs with aging. "The area where we see these differences is involved in both the modulation of functions like heart rate and breathing and also the integration of emotion with thought and reward-based decision making ?a central switchboard of the brain...

Lateral thinking produces first map of gene transmission

...ve become aware of lateral genetic transfer, which occurs in bacteria through methods such as bacterial viruses and direct contact between cells. "The idea of lateral genetic transfer has been around for a few years, but what was missing was a good, hard, rigorous look at it," Professor Ragan said. "Pre...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...ntary, and so fundamental to basic biology that it occurs in a broad range of species. Even worms, researchers have now shown, quickly learn to avoid smells associated with foods that have made them ill. The new study, led by Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Cornelia I. Bargmann and Yun Zhang,...

What can change in the brain? Electrical synapses, research shows

...man and Connors are the first to show that it also occurs in mammals. "The change we describe here is similar to long-term mGluR depression at chemical synapses," Landisman said. "In both cases, communication between neurons is reduced." The cells Landisman and Connors used in their experiments came from ...

Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation

... Children's Memorial Research Center. Development occurs as a coordinated series of genetic control events ... The form of regulation the researchers discovered occurs after the gene makes messenger RNA, the first step toward making a protein that controls cell fate. ...

Group proves it's possible to grow new lung alveoli by growing new blood vessels

... and alveoli--the tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs between the lungs and blood vessels--in tiny rat lungs. The results of their work were recently published in Circulation, entitled Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Therapy Increases Survival, Promotes Lung Angiogenesis, and Prevents Alveolar ...

RNA splicing occurs in nerve-cell dendrites

...rites. "In addition to showing that mRNA splicing occurs in dendrites in which we added mRNA, we also detected the resulting protein," notes Eberwine. "Since the splicing machinery is present in dendrites, one could speculate that if pre-mRNA is present naturally in the dendrite, when activated, it may be ...

Scientists show how thinking can harm brain cells

...onic neurodegenerative diseases. When inflammation occurs in the brain, nerve impulses that are passed between cells during routine activities like learning and memory can become toxic. Instead of triggering the formation of memories, these impulses can inflict injury on neurons and disrupt neurologic funct...

UCR environmental scientists propose chemical solution to cleaning California's Salton Sea

...ke." Both phosphorus - a fertilizer nutrient that occurs both dissolved in the river water and attached to the sediments suspended in the rivers - and silt contribute to algae growth, odors, low dissolved oxygen and fish-kills in the Salton Sea. A clean-up of the Salton Sea and consequent development of ...

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