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Tag: "occurs" at biology news

Penguin chicks exposed to human visitors experience spike in stress hormone

...ays old and again two weeks before fledging, which occurs when the chick is about 75 days old. None of the chicks demonstrated an elevated baseline corticosterone level. But 30 minutes and 60 minutes after capture, newly hatched chicks regularly visited by humans had levels more than three times higher tha...

Gene therapy to lower blood pressure just enough

... promise in reducing some of the organ damage that occurs as a result of high blood pressure. One question that remains is whether the body will accept repeated injections of the viral vector or whether its immune system eventually react against it, said O'Malley. ...

Study shows eutrophic lakes may not recover for a millennium

...and it is going to pose problems." Eutrophication occurs when nutrient-rich soil washes into lakes and streams. It stimulates the growth of algae and has transformed many of the world's lakes from clear freshwater reservoirs to soupy, weed-choked pools. It contributes to oxygen depletion, which leads to fi...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...ch a drug should slow the autoimmune response that occurs in MS, a hypothesis recently confirmed in phase 2 clinical trials, he says. Such drugs do not interfere with essential protective immune function since bacterial proteins that normally trigger immune defense do so when they enter lymph nodes -- "whe...

Modification of program enables prediction of gene transcription

...anscription start sites and where the first splice occurs thereby defining the first exon of the gene. The modification to the gene prediction software TWINSCAN is called N-SCAN. Michael Brent, Ph.D. professor of computer science at Washington University in St. Louis, together with Samuel S. Gross, then an...

Targeting a key enzyme with gene therapy reversed course of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models

...ACE1. And although the production of beta amyloid occurs in all brains, healthy brains are able to clear away excess amounts. Brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, on the other hand, are unable to control beta amyloid accumulation. For several years now, drug companies have been trying to find a drug...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

...ll surface, thereby blocking the initial step that occurs during heart failure. Also, the researchers reported, when they eliminated tropomyosin activity altogether, they also maintained heart receptors. "These studies demonstrate a previously unknown role for the protein phosphorylation activity of PI(3)K...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

...ure their target. In the presence of E. coli, this occurs so rapidly and with such vigor that in accelerated...of calcium levels, would determine if calcium flux occurs before dendritic cells unfurl their veils. With a microinjection tip, they squirted a mixture of E....

Stem cells bring fast direct improvement, without differentiation, in acute renal failure

...jor clinical dilemma, particularly when severe ARF occurs with multiple organ failure," Christof Westenfelder from the University of Utah explained. "Our laboratory has therefore been pursuing development of novel therapeutic interventions that are urgently needed to treat this common, devastating and costl...

New understanding of jet lag

...d that the differing rates of synchronization that occurs in the central clock may be part of a complex evolutionary adaptation to seasonal light changes, but the mechanism, in effect, becomes confused when confronted with unnatural and dramatic shifts in light schedules. The research is part of a long-ter...

Sensor web simulation investigates technique to improve prediction of pollution across the globe

...t's the region of the atmosphere where our weather occurs and it extends from the Earth's surface to roughly the cruising altitude of a passenger jet - about 40,000 feet. In some cases air pollutants have natural causes such as lightning induced wildfires that can emit large plumes of particulates into the ...

Stressed cells spark DNA repair missteps and speed evolution

...t only how it happens but also show that this only occurs at a special time and place in the stressed cells....anism of increased mutation at sites of DNA repair occurs only in the cells under stress. "Even if you get a break in a cell, it won't process it in a mutagen...

Learning how SARS spikes its quarry

...s knew that one of the key steps in SARS infection occurs when the virus's spike protein attaches to a receptor on the surface of target cells. Attachment of the spike protein permits the virus to fuse with a host cell and inject its RNA to infect the cell. A detailed understanding of how the spike protei...

Infectious disease expert warns of spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fever

...ude sore throat and nausea. The spotty rash, which occurs in at least 85 percent of patients, does not appear until later in the infection and resembles a pinpoint pattern of pink-to-red spots over the entire body, or parts thereof. The rash is also noticeable on the soles of the feet and palms of the hands...

Israeli scientists successfully transplant frozen-thawed ovaries in sheep

...nd the loss of blood to the ovarian follicles that occurs during the interval before new blood vessels are being formed, remain major obstacles. The first aim of the Israeli team was to test in vitro whether whole ovaries from sheep, together with the blood vessels, could survive the freeze-thaw process us...

Researchers Discover Gene That Determines Asthma Susceptibility By Regulating Inflammation

...mmation is a focus of asthma therapy. Inflammation occurs when certain cells migrate into the airways. These “inflammatory?cells release reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing the airway lining to swell and restrict. ROS is thought to cause lung tissue damage as well. ROS levels are normally offset by antio...

Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America

...esistance to the antiviral drug amantadine in H5N1 occurs worldwide, but is especially prevalent in China, a... to determine how frequently amantadine resistance occurs in avian influenza A subtypes isolated in various parts of the world-especially among those subtypes...

A 'dimmer switch' for genes

... of how it works. One way proteins are controlled occurs after a cell creates a protein. Graves illustrates this process by comparing protein structure with beads on a string. "After the protein is made, it can acquire what we call post-translational modifications, which are like decorations on a beaded ne...

Human brain is still evolving

...ted that for each of the two genes, one haplogroup occurs at a frequency far higher than that expected by ch...ample for haplogroup D of ASPM, they found that it occurs more frequently in European and related populations, including Iberians, Basques, Russians, North Af...

Picky female frogs drive evolution of new species in less than 8,000 years

... the southern lineage population is very small and occurs primarily within the contact zone." Because the frogs in the isolated contact area had a distinctively different call, and because they were effectively isolated from surrounding populations by mating preference, Hoskin and colleagues concluded that...

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