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Tag: "observed" at biology news

Zebrafish may hold key to improved cancer research

...ryos are literally transparent and can be directly observed at early developmental stages better than almost any other animal species. They had been used for years in studying everything from the immune system to cardiovascular disease and skeletal development. In the mid-1990s, OSU researchers began the us...

Sudden change in social status triggers genetic response in male fish, study finds

...t disturbing other fish in the tank." Burmeister observed that after the lights came on, the subordinate male quickly determined that no dominant rival was in the tank and rapidly began his ascent toward domination. In minutes his coloring changed, his eyebar appeared and he began making threatening display...

Stem cells' electric abilities might help their safe clinical use

...s that allow and control passage of potassium, and observed the electric current's effect on cell differentiation and proliferation. "In a number of different cell types, from cancer to T-lymphocytes, potassium channels are responsible for altering the membrane voltage of cells," says Li. "This in turn is re...

Creeping crinoids! Sea lilies crawl to escape predators, new video shows

...s to reattach. In the late 1980s the researchers observed that sea lilies could, in fact, move from place to place---Baumiller had put some in a flow tank and noticed that they changed position from day to day, and Messing had noticed the same thing during dives with a submersible off Jamaica and Grand Caym...

Breath of the dragon: ERS-2 and Envisat reveal impact of economic growth on China's air quality

...ature about the global changes in nitrogen dioxide observed in the last decade from space and highlighted the dramatic changes over China. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with nitrogen oxide (NO) in the atmosphere and the sum of the two is called NOX. This is released into the troposphere from power pl...

U. of Colorado researcher identifies tracks of swimming dinosaur in Wyoming

...s to reattach. In the late 1980s the researchers observed that sea lilies could, in fact, move from place to place---Baumiller had put some in a flow tank and noticed that they changed position from day to day, and Messing had noticed the same thing during dives with a submersible off Jamaica and Grand Caym...

A new window into structural plasticity in the adult visual cortex

...ther the structural plasticity seen here underlies observed functional reorganizations. Probing this question will depend on determining what kinds of structural changes might be expected, figuring out how to detect them, and then interpreting the changes. Studying the responses of axonal arbors connected to ...

NJIT study shows nanoparticles could damage plant life

...iment was treated only with water, and the authors observed the experiment for seven days. During that time, they measured the differences in the growth of the plants' roots, which were shown to be statistically significant. "We suppose that the surface characteristics of the nanoparticles played an import...

Scientists discover the molecular switch for nerve cells' insulating jelly rolls

... They then added Schwann cells to the dishes. They observed that the Schwann cells sat on the axons and did not produce any myelin. In the next set of experiments, they inserted the neuregulin gene into the unmyelinated axons. Instead of just sitting on the axons, the Schwann cells now produced thick myelin...

Anti-cancer drugs may hold promise for premature aging disorder

...instead clumped within the nucleus. Moreover, they observed no nuclear blebbing. The researchers then tried treating the cells carrying progerin with FTIs, which are drugs originally developed to inhibit certain cancer-causing proteins that require farnesylation for function. FTIs are now being tested in pha...

'Acid rain' and forest mass: Another perspective

...position of contaminants. Magnesium deficiency was observed in all the adult formations studied. The acceleration of the return of nutrients and the drop in the efficiency of their use is proposed as an explanation of this disorder. Thanks to this investigation, it was concluded that the atmospheric depositi...

Removing egg from nest may help save endangered whooping crane

...sion has been so strong that some chicks have been observed pecking the later-born bird to death. Also, a pair of chicks is more likely to attract the attention of a predator and parents can be more attentive if they only have a single chick to protect. Even though long-term fitness is almost the same wheth...

A new step towards an AIDS vaccine

.... A decrease of blood pDC frequency is typically observed in chronic infections due to HIV-1 and correlates with high viral load, reduced CD4 counts and susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and is only partially reverted by anti-retroviral therapy. By identifying the active component of HIV-1 which s...

FSU biologists describe key role of signal-transcribing gene during cell cycle

...he specific cell-to-cell signaling and dysfunction observed in fruit flies is applicable to mammals, which als...cell proliferation in the egg chambers, which they observed at different stages. When Cut accurately transcribed the Notch signals, the cells progressed approp...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

...ity of California, Berkeley, report that they have observed the exchange of information between immune cells that is required to spark a body wide response to infection. "This is the first time that anyone has been able to physically manipulate the immunological synapse and measure the effect on T cell sig...

Plants have a double line of defence

...the pathogen. The researchers, on the other hand, observed that when PEN2 is missing, the plants become more susceptible not only to grass powdery mildew fungi but also other pests ?for example, the pathogens causing late potato blight. PEN2 is therefore a basic component of the plant's immune system with a ...

Researchers quantify more noise in gene expression

... different." Macroscopic variations are routinely observed in the genetically identical cells of organisms ranging in complexity from bacteria to mammals. "Watchmakers can neither make individual watches with intrinsically perfect accuracy, nor perfectly synchronize any two watches to eliminate extrinsic var...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...onsider this a key cause of the social impairments observed in autism. But Belger and Dichter said they thought the problem might have more to do with a deficit in "executive function" in portions of the brain's frontal lobes than with a selective deficit in the brain's processing of information from faces. ...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

... a knot." That is a startling feature, she notes, observed in only a handful of proteins out of tens of thousands whose structures are known. The group speculates the knot may help stabilize the protein so it can do its job of capturing light and triggering the cascade of downstream events under its control....

Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests

...uction, though mating of the fungus has never been observed in nature." In plants and animals, sexual identity is governed by sex chromosomes, Heitman explained. In fungi, however, sexual identity is determined by so-called "mating type loci," genes arranged contiguously, but which typically do not span an e...

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