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Tag: "observed" at biology news

Plankton can run, but can't hide from basking sharks

...se. This is the first time this behaviour has been observed among plankton-eating sharks, the authors say, and shows that shark diving behaviour differs predictably between deep waters and in shallow seas close to plankton-rich boundaries in water temperature. Although the mechanisms underlying this behaviou...

VCU study shows hormone-like molecule kills cells that cause inflammation in allergic disease

...te of cell death yielding no living mast cells was observed in the cultures that received IFNγ. Similar ...roduce IFNγ were used, and again, researchers observed a significant decrease in mast cell numbers due to the excess of IFNγ. When researchers tried t...

New mitochondrial DNA gene chip may be early cancer diagnosis tool

...e Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have observed changes in mtDNA sequences in solid cancers, although the nature of the relationship remains uncertain. Their work suggested that particular changes in mtDNA might serve as early indicators for several types of solid cancer. Although promising, this ...

Climate model links higher temperatures to prehistoric extinction

...te of cell death yielding no living mast cells was observed in the cultures that received IFNγ. Similar ...roduce IFNγ were used, and again, researchers observed a significant decrease in mast cell numbers due to the excess of IFNγ. When researchers tried t...

More animals join the learning circle

...es is much more conclusive because the process was observed from start to finish. Some researchers have suggested that many purported examples of cultural transmission can instead be explained by individuals discovering the skill on their own rather than following another's lead. But because the gull-baiting...

Pregnant women at higher risk for HIV, Uganda study finds

...s. "It is unlikely that the change in HIV risk we observed is due to sexual behaviors. It may be attributed to hormonal changes affecting the genital tract mucosa or immune responses," said Gray. ...

Deep sleep short-circuits brain's grid of connectivity

...me functionally disconnected. Tononi and his team observed the disconnect when brief, magnetically generated pulses of electricity were directed to specific regions of the brain. The pulses stimulated an electrochemical response from the targeted cells, which, when the subject was awake, rippled across the b...

Frog peptides block HIV in lab study

...me functionally disconnected. Tononi and his team observed the disconnect when brief, magnetically generated pulses of electricity were directed to specific regions of the brain. The pulses stimulated an electrochemical response from the targeted cells, which, when the subject was awake, rippled across the b...

Thinking the pain away? Study shows the brain's painkillers may cause 'placebo effect'

... own ratings of their pain and emotions, they also observed that the placebo-induced activation of the opioid system was correlated with various elements of the experience of pain. For example, activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with the expectation of pain relief reported by the ...

Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells

...ryonic cell line. In both cases, the researchers observed extensive reprogramming of the somatic cells. "We were surprised at how complete the reprogramming was," said Eggan. "I think we were expecting that there would be more 'memory' of the adult state than the embryonic in the hybrid cells. It was quite ...

Ants win a waxy race

...ads to assess the essence of these components. She observed that, as it approaches a waxy surface, the ants use these claws to interlock to the surface. However, on glass rods, the ants do not use claws, but without adhesive pads, they have no grip and fall off the surface. A second specialist ant (Camponot...

Scientists devise way to measure RNA synthesis on the fly in a live cell

...that the DNA sequence wasn't enough to explain the observed complexity of biological function." Cluzel, a biophysicist, co-authored the PNAS article with Thuc Le, Sebastien Harlepp, Calin Guet, Kimberly Dittmar, Thierry Emonet and Tao Pan, all of the University of Chicago. Their research was funded by the Na...

Secrets to antibody's success against West Nile Virus surprise scientists

...ent enhancement (ADE) of infection, which has been observed in test tube studies of dengue virus and may be important to the onset of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This theory suggests that dengue and other viruses may have developed tricks that let them reproduce inside macrophages, the immune cells that norm...

Discovering an ecosystem beneath a collapsed Antarctic ice shelf

...rce capable of sustaining the chemical life at the observed 850-meter [approximately 2800-foot] depth. Such extreme cold-vent regions have previously been found near Monterey, California, where the phenomenon was discovered in 1984, in the Gulf of Mexico, and deep within the Sea of Japan. The recent report, ...

Malfunctioning bone marrow cells sabotage nerve cells in diabetes

...ne therapy to cure diabetes in mice. By chance, we observed insulin-producing bone marrow cells outside the pancreas, and wondered why these cells were migrating to other organs and whether they were detrimental or beneficial," said Chan. In pursuit of this curious phenomenon, Drs. Tomoya Terashima and Hidet...

Hide and seek: Researchers discover a new way for infectious bacteria to enter cells

...y new concept," Cossart says. Cossart's lab had observed that Listeria ?which is 20 times the size of the largest particle scientists believed a cell could take in by endocytosis ?could invade non-phagocytic cells. Other labs had made similar observations with other bacteria. Cossart and Veiga investiga...

Gene discovery sheds light on causes of rare disease, cancer

...y new concept," Cossart says. Cossart's lab had observed that Listeria ?which is 20 times the size of the largest particle scientists believed a cell could take in by endocytosis ?could invade non-phagocytic cells. Other labs had made similar observations with other bacteria. Cossart and Veiga investiga...

HIV Therapy Greatly Extends Life of Key T Cells, Scientists Find

... treat certain cancers. NIH researchers have long observed that in responsive patients, intermittent cycles of IL-2 therapy lead to substantial increases in the number of circulating CD4+ cells. The mechanisms driving this increase as well as its potential clinical significance, however, have remained unclea...

Tagging pathogens with synthetic DNA 'barcodes'

...f colors that can be read by a computer scanner or observed with a fluorescent light microscope. Other method...made visible to the naked eye. Or the color can be observed directly through a fluorescent light microscope, which is useful in situations where the geographic ...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...egenerate are impaired," Prolla explains. "We have observed that in tissues like bone marrow, intestine and hair follicles." The altered mice used in the study were created by manipulating mouse embryonic stem cells to produce mice with the defective DNA proofreading protein. The mice develop normally, but a...

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