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Tag: "nutrients" at biology news

Gut microbes' partnership helps body extract energy from food, store it as fat

...egin a fermentation process that breaks down these nutrients so that the stored calories can be liberated and absorbed. But B. thetaiotaomicron doesn't just work in a simple partnership with its host. The human gut contains hundreds, and perhaps thousands, of different microbial species, and the functions t...

Parallel evolution: Proteins do it, too

...Bacteria in the gut ferment the leaves and take up nutrients that are released in the process. The monkeys, in ... intestine, making it more efficient at recovering nutrients from bacteria. Zhang's initial analysis showed that the duplication occurred about four million yea...

Pollen proves beneficial for northern lakes

...iking, but it can represent a substantial pulse of nutrients to northern lakes. Graham's research team found that plankton responded strongly to additions of pollen in experimental enclosures, located along the shorelines of three boreal lakes in northwestern Ontario's Experimental Lakes Area. "Specifically,...

New method confirms importance of fungi in Arctic nitrogen cycle

...living symbiotically on plant roots transfer vital nutrients to their hosts. The analytical technique, develope...ing symbiotically on the roots of plants) transfer nutrients to their host plants in exchange for plant sugars derived from photosynthesis, but the rates of tran...

Acid rain causing decline in sugar maples, say researchers

...rs found. They drew these conclusions after adding nutrients to soil in a test plot and reproducing the favorab...sition for the past 50 years. The scientists added nutrients in a test plot to replicate soil conditions that existed prior to the loss of sugar maples over the ...

Gene therapy prevents the onset of diabetic symptoms in mice

...rs found. They drew these conclusions after adding nutrients to soil in a test plot and reproducing the favorab...sition for the past 50 years. The scientists added nutrients in a test plot to replicate soil conditions that existed prior to the loss of sugar maples over the ...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

...ow the body to respond immediately to the level of nutrients and fat in the bloodstream." Hopeful that the discovery has broad implications for understanding the genetic underpinnings of obesity and weight management, the Hopkins investigators say the work affirms the central role of the brain in managing hun...

Targeted virus compels cancer cells to eat themselves

...at cells employ to consume part of themselves when nutrients are scarce or to destroy some of their organelles to recycle their components. A double membrane forms around the material to be consumed, then everything inside is digested. Kondo and colleagues showed that hTERT-Ad (short for human telomerase reve...

Mother birds give a nutritional leg up to chicks with unattractive fathers

...lumage. Thus, they explain, the deposition of more nutrients could represent compensation for the disadvantages experienced by an offspring from a lower quality male, allowing females to supersede limitations of a suboptimal pairing on her own reproductive success. "For house finches, a species in which indi...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

... gaps and pores through which oxygen, hormones and nutrients are delivered and waste products filtered away. Cells move within their natural environments in response to chemical signals or other stimuli. Researchers are aware that cells on flat surfaces have skewed metabolisms, gene expression and growing pa...

Otherworldly bacteria discovered two miles down

...t these communities all depend at least in part on nutrients that can be traced back to photosynthetic plants or bacteria. The international team led by T. C. Onstott of Princeton University,* which also includes Carnegie staff scientist Douglas Rumble and former Carnegie postdoctoral researcher Pei-Ling W...

Bitter taste identifies poisons in foods

...y these foods. In addition to providing essential nutrients and vitamins, many are reported to have anti-cancer properties." Lead author Mari Sandell comments on additional nutritional and practical implications of the study, "Taste has a great impact on food acceptability and choice. A comprehensive unde...

Researchers barcode DNA of Venice museum's vast fungi collection

...sential to most terrestrial ecosystems, channeling nutrients in the soil and making them available for the growth of plants, including trees and agricultural crops. "Without fungi, there would be no forests," Garbelotto pointed out. A large number of fungi are also plant pathogens and cause serious diseases...

Soil nutrition affects carbon sequestration in forests

...ed with nitrogen to study the effect of added soil nutrients on tree growth under elevated CO2. The researchers further tested their hypotheses using data from FACE sites in Wisconsin, Colorado, and Italy. In the articles, the scientists identify critical areas needing further study, but the overall consist...

UVa researchers seek to unlock broccoli's cancer fighting secret

...ional Cancer Institute (NCI) to study how specific nutrients in healthy vegetables like broccoli work to prevent cancer. Cross and Templeton found that nutrients in broccoli unexpectedly bond with a specific enzyme in cells. This enzyme had been clearly linked t...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

...ces in producing the signals take advantage of the nutrients nonetheless. Mutualism describes a situation in which two organisms interact in a mutually beneficial way. Tumor cells send signals to stimulate the growth of the cells that form the scaffold in which the tumor cells grow, known as fibroblasts. Th...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...ency that funds innovative research. As they move nutrients or other cellular loads around the cell, molecular motors travel along microtubules, infinitesimal "railroad tracks" within the cell. To date, cell biologists had not been able to capture actual images of the structural changes that a molecular motor...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

... to using more wells: The eight empty wells supply nutrients to the cells in the middle well, so tests can run for up to two weeks without researchers having to replenish the growth medium. "If you replenish the medium, you could essentially grow cells indefinitely," Yang said. The second new technology to c...

Poor athletic performance linked to vitamin deficiency

...or active individuals a marginal deficiency in the nutrients may impact the body's ability to repair itself, op...esulting from training, an increase in the loss of nutrients in sweat, urine and feces during and after strenuous activity and the additional nutrients needed to...

Genetic study of Neanderthal DNA reveals early split between humans and Neanderthals

...ith contamination from microbes that lived off the nutrients in the Neanderthal remains, as well as contamination from humans handling the specimens. However, the scientists performed a variety of studies to confirm that the vast majority of the human-like sequence in the library was indeed Neanderthal and n...

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