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Tag: "nuclear" at biology news

Scientist uses form to explain function of key building blocks of life

...t electron affinities." Markley and his team used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a technique that allowed them to observe signals from atoms in the proteins, to determine the strength of hydrogen bonds in ten different variants of the protein. From that data, the team was able to explain changes ...

Telling axons where to go - and grow

...fied protein RLIM, which has been shown to bind to nuclear LIM domains and critically regulate the biological activity of LIM-HD transcription factors. The authors find high levels of Rnf6 protein in axonal projections of motor neurons and dorsal root ganglia neurons in mouse embryos at a time in which proj...

ORNL leading effort to help harness power of Shewanella

...ethanol and hydrogen production, cleanup of former nuclear weapons production sites and minimizing global warming by controlling the cycling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. ...

Human albumin from tobacco plants

...10 and a 100 times, compared to levels obtained by nuclear transformation. The title of the PhD is: "Produc...roduction of albumin from vegetables, always using nuclear transformation. The novelty in this research arises from the method of obtention of the HSA. The p...

Successful cell engineering may lead to mad cow prevention, say researchers

... interference. They then utilized these cells for nuclear transfer to produce a cloned, transgenic goat fetus which exhibited a greater than 90 percent knock down of PrP. Previous studies involving mice in which the PrP gene has been silenced have demonstrated the animals to be resistant to prion-mediated d...

Researchers solve mystery of how nuclear pores duplicate before cell division

Researchers have long wondered how nuclear pores ?the all-important channels that control the...med from scratch, and inserted themselves into the nuclear membrane. This discovery adds to the picture of how a cell divides in such a way that the genome (...

Cloned stem cells prove identical to fertilized stem cells

... therapeutic cloning. Also known as somatic cell nuclear transfer, therapeutic cloning is a promising approach to create individually customized cellular therapies for treating certain disorders. Demonstrated in mice but not in humans, it begins with stem cells derived from a cloned embryo. But if cloned e...

Movement of chromosome in nucleus visualized

... the cytoplasm. Developing a system for observing nuclear motion was difficult because chromosome movement i...at is normally found in an inactive state near the nuclear periphery and moves to the interior of the nucleus when it receives an activating signal. "The mov...

Worm hormone discovery may aid fight against parasitic disease

... binds to a protein in the cell's nucleus called a nuclear receptor, a receptor designated DAF-12. Once that binding occurs, DAF-12 activates other genes that allow the worm to develop through its normal stages, reach maturity and reproduce. When the researchers blocked that hormonal signal by engineering ...

'Shuttling' protein possibly key to resilience of cancer cells

...o c-Jun in the nucleus, forming a heterodimer, the nuclear export signal is blocked, preventing ATF2 from traveling from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Researchers had already known that chemotherapy and radiation cause cancer cells to increase production of ATF2. The Purdue researchers found that "overexpre...

World Trade Center identifications pushed forensic DNA technology

...in forensics work. STRs are biological markers in nuclear DNA that are inherited from both parents and vary widely among people. The Combined DNA Index System ?CODIS ?used by the FBI, uses 13 of these markers for identification purposes. Shaler's group used up to 16 markers. If sufficient markers matched...

'Biobullets' fight harmful mussels

...ling water intake pipes at hydroelectric stations, nuclear power plants and industrial facilities. In addition, zebra mussels can anchor themselves to other mollusks, making it impossible for native species to thrive. In some case, as many as 10,000 zebra mussels have attached themselves to a single native m...

Study finds 60 new genes controlled by DNA snippet

... genes because they are "shaped" to partner with a nuclear factor called serum response factor (SRF) and several other proteins within a genetic regulatory network. Throughout a human life, such networks are believed to "decide" the timing and location of all gene expression, the process through which genet...

The critical importance of mangroves to ocean life

...northern Brazil, using natural carbon isotopes and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy--an established and common technique for determining the structure of organic compounds--to determine that mangroves are indeed a main source of dissolved organic carbon in the open ocean. In total, they concluded that...

Avian flu modeled on supercomputer, explores vaccine and isolation options for thwarting a pandemic

... large-scale simulation platform developed for the nuclear weapons program. It runs on the Los Alamos supercomputer known as Pink, a 1,024-node (2,048 processor) LinuxBIOS/BProc "Science Appliance" running Clustermatic 3, the largest single-system image Linux cluster in the world. Pink's nodes have dual 2.4 ...

First direct mechanical communication of mitochondria, cardiomyocyte nucleus shown

...he first time that mitochondria are able to induce nuclear deformation, suggesting that mitochondria may mechanically regulate nuclear function." The team, which has been collaborating for over 10 years, reported that it recently "fou...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover new cell properties

...h is wrapped with a stiff protein shell called the nuclear lamina. Children with HGPS have a mutation in one of the proteins of the lamina shell. For years, experts have thought this mutation made their nuclei much softer and more likely to be ruptured when cells were under stress. But in a Proceedings of t...

Mitochondrial DNA sequencing tool updated

... by the NIH's National Cancer Institute. "Whereas nuclear DNA contains just two copies of every gene, there are literally hundreds of mitochondria in most cells. If you are screening saliva or other bodily fluids with a limited number of cells to analyze, mitochondrial DNA gives you more to work with and a...

With few factors, adult cells take on character of embryonic stem cells

...y can also be "reprogrammed" by transferring their nuclear contents into egg cell precursors called oocytes or by fusion with embryonic stem cells, earlier studies showed. Those findings provided evidence that unfertilized eggs and embryonic stem cells contain factors that can confer pluripotency to differ...

First 'encyclopedia' of nuclear receptors reveals organisms' focus on sex, food

...e first "encyclopedia" of an entire superfamily of nuclear receptors ?proteins that turn genes on and off thr...he journal Cell , chart the anatomy and timing of nuclear receptor expression throughout the body in hopes that researchers can uncover global receptor functi...

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