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Tag: "notes" at biology news

New fruit fly protein illuminates circadian response to light

...t displayed in a person who has prolonged jetlag," notes Sehgal. In search of answers to the mutant's defective circadian response to light, Sehgal and colleagues looked to the molecular details of the clock cells in the jetlag flies. When a fruit fly is exposed to light, a photoreceptor called cryptochr...

With cochlear implants, earlier use leads to better speech

...d in the June issue of Ear and Hearing. Nicholas notes that many of the children who received cochlear implants at the youngest ages have nearly the same spoken language skills as children with normal hearing. The researchers' further studies -- not yet published -- suggest that by age 4 and a half, chil...

Study shows hope for ridding lakes of clawed invader

...g Sparkling Lake of its rusty crayfish is the key, notes Jake Vander Zanden, a UW-Madison professor of limnology who is helping oversee the experiment. "One important message is that trapping alone will not do it. There's a synergistic effect with the fish playing an important role." Smallmouth bass and ...

Predicting successful outcomes in living-donor liver transplants

...rsity Hospital, University of Berne in Switzerland notes that ICG clearance as measured in the first study ...ors ?has yet to be determined," he states. He also notes that the multiple blood sampling used by the second study is quite labor intensive when compared to ...

Congenital rubella syndrome nearly eradicated in the US

...d the Behavioral Toxicology Society, the statement notes that rubella is no longer an endemic disease in this country and congenital rubella syndrome "is almost a thing of the past in the United States." Birth defects resulting from rubella may include blindness, deafness, and congenital heart disease. A r...

Jefferson researchers building a better rabies vaccine

... safe while retaining its potency. Dr. Dietzschold notes that the likelihood of a mutation occurring is extremely low. While different varieties of rabies virus exist, they maintain enough similarities in the all-important outer glycoprotein, that a vaccine that takes advantage of immune reactions to this ...

Mayo Clinic researchers challenge sepsis theory

...cle into motion. "This finding was very exciting," notes Dr. Platt. "It explained how the sepsis syndrome can occur when there isn't an infection -- which it does in some cases." However, Drs. Brunn and Platt saw an obvious problem with this explanation. If normal substances from the body can stimulate to...

Invasive exotic plants helped by natural enemies

...pecialized insects have on plants. However, Parker notes that insects commonly reduce plant growth and biomass, but vertebrate herbivores are often larger and thus more commonly kill plants outright. Because of this, vertebrate herbivores often have a stronger impact on plant communities. The study's find...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

...rease the number of infants studied. Richtsmeier notes that, from a medical point of view, the researchers want to find genetic mechanism underlying craniosynostosis so that the problem can be prevented or cured. From an evolutionary point of view, researchers focus on the developmental basis for the phy...

New test to detect rare proteins in blood

...tein and can be performed in an automated format," notes Greene. He states that the technology will soon be robotized so as to be able to screen for many rare disease-causing proteins using tiny amounts of blood. "It is even possible that one could screen for multiple diseases at the same time and produce ...

Researchers unravel DNA tangles and enzyme seamstresses

...links are even more lethal," says Zechiedrich, who notes that "the results of these computer simulations are very striking." While Chan and his collaborators stress their results represent only a quantitative proof of concept, they do see the finding as particularly relevant for understanding diseases suc...

Oh, rats! Designer animals reveal possible heart disease genes

...r Renae Malek, also a molecular biologist at TIGR, notes that the data point to promising genes for salt-sensitive hypertension, among other conditions. The online database resulting from the study, dubbed TREX, is available free of charge at: http://pga.tigr.org/ . TIGR continues to study the panels of ...

Wisconsin scientists find a way to make human collagen in the lab

... human collagen to the clinic, says Raines. But he notes there is still some work to be done to perfect the technology. For example, while the new work enables the researchers to make collagen molecules that are long and strong, ways to precisely control the self-assembly of collagen to molecules of a spe...

Common practices at petting zoos put visitors at risk

...k, an author on the South Carolina survey. Angulo notes that the lack of handwashing is not entirely the fault of the petting zoo visitors. "Most petting zoo visitors do not know that there is a risk and are not informed that there is a risk. Signs do not work. People need to be told by another human be...

Researchers develop portable 'vein finder' for faster, more accurate injections

... using very simple components to keep costs down," notes Francois Guillot, a research engineer in the School of Mechanical Engineering. Unlike large ultrasound systems used by hospitals for general blood-flow studies, the vein finder is targeting a very small area of the body. "That means the acoustical ...

Tiny RNA molecules fine-tune the brain's synapses

...sorders such as mental retardation and autism. He notes that loss of Limk1 due to a chromosomal deletion is associated with Williams syndrome, and that the BDNF pathway that activates Limk1 includes proteins that are disabled in tuberous sclerosis and Fragile X syndrome. All three genetic disorders can ca...

International HIV/AIDS trial finds continuous antiretroviral therapy superior to episodic therapy

...largest HIV/AIDS treatment trials ever conducted," notes NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "The study reflects an extraordinary global collaboration among hundreds of dedicated AIDS clinicians and thousands of their patients, all of whom should be commended for their exceptional achievement in contribu...

Defective immune system response to smallpox vaccine detailed in new study

...for new treatment approaches to eczema vaccinatum, notes Dr. Leung. One approach involves developing drugs to mimic the action of LL-37 or developing LL-37-containing creams that could be applied to the skin in order to boost its ability to contain vaccinia virus infection. Another approach could be to dev...

Discovery of new molecular tools for biosynthesis could lead to advances in use of pectin

...production to cancer prevention and treatment, and notes that more information on the process of manipulating the quality and quantity of wall polysaccharides is crucial and badly needed. "The work [described in the UGA paper] represents a significant advance, as it is the first functional identification ...

World's pledge to halve hunger by 2015 looks like empty promise

...term results for their own political careers." He notes that alleviating hunger and poverty is not only a humanitarian imperative but also it is in the self-interest of the United States and other developed countries because doing so would not only reduce terrorism but also improve trade and relieve immig...

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