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Tag: "notes" at biology news

Diabetes slows nerve recovery after heart transplant

...rson's ability to recover from a heart transplant, notes a study in the September Journal of Nuclear Medicine. "Using positron emission tomography (PET) and the transplanted heart as a very specific model to study the regenerative capacity of the heart's sympathetic nervous system, we determined that rei...

A new approach to growing heart muscle

...an work toward building a bioengineered heart." He notes that while many other labs focus on growing one heart component, only U-M is working on growing all the different heart components. Already, the U-M team has begun experiments to transplant BEHM into the hearts of rats that have suffered heart atta...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

... that signal the presence of arterial disease. He notes that blood vessels begin to narrow long before mild chest pain and other symptoms occur, leading to reduced blood flow that gradually starves the heart of needed oxygen and nutrients. According to Lardo, blood flow in these tiny vessels can be re...

End of deforestation in view? Experts advance new way to size up global forest resources

...but its area of forested land has steadily risen," notes ecologist Dr. Fang of Beijing. "The net result: an increase in China's growing stock, biomass, and carbon sequestration." The graph shows Indonesia down roughly 2% per year in forested area and down 4% in density. At the other end of the spectru...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...mong them a diabetes epidemic. However, the study notes that in developed countries, where most of the cutting-edge science research occurs today, health-related priorities differ greatly from those of developing countries, which therefore should develop their own expertise and capacity. "Though largely ...

Protein 'fingerprint' in spinal fluid could spot Alzheimer's disease

... the gold-standard of autopsy-proven Alzheimer's," notes Norman Relkin, M.D., associate professor of clinical neurology and neuroscience at Weill Cornell and director of the Memory Disorders Program at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center. Erin Finehout, Ph.D. ?5, the lead author on...

Jefferson scientists find high glucose before surgery raises risk of dangerous complications

...s many as 200,000 deaths annually in the U.S. He notes that recent studies have begun to show connections between increased blood sugar and a greater risk of dying or of medical complications for hospital patients in intensive care or cardiac care units. Tightening glucose control dramatically cuts those...

Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm

...semble itself in devastating translocations." She notes that normal double-stranded DNA, on the other hand, has the ability to repair breaks in one of its single strands by using the chemical bases in the companion strand as a reference. Bases in DNA pair only in predetermined combinations, so that one s...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

...for resistant pests. It's the same idea." Maley notes that there are three necessary and sufficient conditions for natural selection to occur and that all are met in a population of tumor cells. The first requirement is that there be variation in the population. This variation is evident in tumors, whic...

China's environmental challenges

...er Yu Xiaogang, a Chinese watershed activist. She notes that the Chinese government realizes it must rely on the support of the private sector and that the country now boasts more than 2000 environmental organizations, working on issues ranging from public transit to the impact of mega-dams. ...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

...plains so much in terms of basic cell physiology," notes Van der Goot. If a cell absorbs too much water, for example, this pathway would be triggered. The lipids formed in the metabolic pathway would enable the cell to enlarge its membrane to accommodate the extra water. "Toxins have co-evolved with the...

Singing for survival

...escendo of notes', formed by combining up to seven notes ?including 'wa', 'hoo', 'sharp wow' and 'waoo' ?in...close range, but which rapidly changed into louder notes heard over long distances. They said, "We found that gibbons produce loud and conspicuous songs in...

Squid skin reveals hidden messages

...f which do not have polarization vision. Mäthger notes that these messages could contain information regarding the whereabouts of other squid, for example. "Whether signals could also contain information regarding the presence of predators (i.e., a warning signal) is speculation, but it may be possible,"...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

... of biology and of Earth and space sciences. He notes that atmospheric oxygen rose sharply at the end of the Silurian period about 415 million years ago, to reach a level of about 22 percent of the atmosphere, similar to today's oxygen content. But 55 million years later, atmospheric oxygen levels sank ...

Immune cell communication key to hunting viruses, Jefferson immunologists show

...ot clear until now how this happened." Dr. Sykulev notes that this finding is not only relevant to viral infected cells, but to tumor cells as well. Both usually express very low levels of proteins that killer cells recognize....

Blood transfusion-transmitted infections: A global perspective

.... Newer technologies can also have a downside, notes Blajchman. They tend to reduce the effectiveness of the blood components, necessitating the transfusion of greater quantities and thus exposing patients to blood from more donors; thereby increasing the risk of infection transmission by transfusion....

Master planners in brain may coordinate other areas' roles in cognitive tasks

...the brain do, the opercula have often been blank," notes senior author Steven Petersen, Ph.D., James S. McDonnell Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience; professor of neuroscience, of neurobiology and of radiology; and associate professor of neurological surgery. "We have been struggling to figure out what th...

Tastes great! Study shows brain's response to pleasing -- and changing -- tastes

... is that these neurons pass that test." Aldridge notes that an analogous effect occurs in everyday human life, when a formerly favorite food becomes less attractive after we have over-indulged in that food. "Moment by moment, this low-level information processing in the brain helps us react to what we...

How the US drug safety system should be changed

...still followed by optional postmarketing studies," notes Strom. "Instead, the proposed approach would be conditional approval followed by postmarketing studies required before the condition is removed." Secondly, Strom maintains that the FDA needs an increased ability to regulate drugs after marketing, so...

Study identifies substances in grapefruit juice that interact dangerously with some drugs

...not cause an interaction with felodipine. Watkins notes that there are several implications of this work. "First, it should now be possible to market the furanocoumarin-free grapefruit juice to patients who would otherwise need to avoid grapefruit. In addition, it should be possible to screen new foods ...

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