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Tag: "normal" at biology news

Modified mushrooms may yield human drugs

... cells to hygromycin. The antibiotic kills all the normal cells, separating out those that have been genetically altered for resistance. The test demonstrates that if a second gene, insulin for example, were to be patched in the plasmid, that gene would be expressed as well. "There is a high probabil...

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

...ates an immune response that is different from the normal response to the virus, and we hope to have found an ‘Achilles’ heel’ in the defenses that the virus uses to evade the immune system,” said Spector. “The virus has evolved to persist in the host by evading the immune responses either by hiding or by ...

How plague-causing bacteria disarm host defense

...reviously known role of disrupting the host cell's normal structure, which interferes with the cell's innate ability to engulf and destroy invading bacteria. "The question now becomes, why is Gaq targeted by YpkA"" ...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...their brains are more adept at learning than their normal cousins, and are quicker to figure out that their environment has changed, a team led by researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center has found. The results, appearing today in the online edition of the journal Nature Neuroscience , reveal a new...

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

..., streptomycin, an antibiotic, interferes with the normal function of motion sensitive "hair cells," the receptor cells of the lateral line. At high doses it has been known to cause hearing and equilibrium problems in humans, senses that are also based on hair cells. Sharks with their lateral lines inta...

Human stem cell treatment restores motor function in paralyzed rats

...o loss of blood flow to the spine returned to near normal ambulatory function six weeks after receiving grafts of human spinal stem cells (hSSCs), researchers from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine report. The study, led by Martin Marsala, M.D., UC San Diego professor of anes...

Hawaiian treasure, macadamia nuts good for the heart

...icipants had slightly elevated cholesterol levels, normal blood pressure and were not taking lipid lowering drugs. Researchers randomly assigned participants to either the macadamia nut diet or the standard American diet and provided all meals for the participants for five weeks. The participants then switc...

Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's

...ur groups. Half the “Alzheimer’s mice?and half the normal mice received 10 mg/kg Simvastatin for seven days,...hey usually take to reach the platform compared to normal mice on saline. After the maze test, brain tissue then was studied to determine levels of nNOS....

Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage

...hard to restore the chemical balance and to resume normal cellular function, using so much oxygen, that the brain simply couldn’t keep up with the demand. “Basically, even though the body has really stepped up the availability of oxygen, the brain’s demands for oxygen are suddenly so great that the blood...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...’s ability to maintain healthy muscle and restores normal muscle function in genetically engineered mice wit...hat this pathway plays a major role in maintaining normal muscle function," said Berdeaux. "Now it remains to be seen how this pathway works in muscle under d...

Does amateur boxing cause brain damage?

... non-athletes. These increased levels returned to normal after three months rest from boxing. In addition, the increased levels after a fight were significantly higher among amateur boxers who had received more than 15 high impact hits to the head compared with boxers who reported fewer hits. The boxer...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

...npleasant cold sensation, while the acetone caused normal mice to flick their paw and lick them. TRPM8 codes for an ion channel found at the tips of sensory neurons, which innervate the skin. When opened, ions flowing through TRPM8 lead to the activation of the sensory neuron, which in turn sends a signa...

How the brain's backup system compensates for stroke

...motor strategies after brain damage results in the normal routes to action being compromised." The researchers concluded that their experiments showed that "In the initial stages of adaptive compensation for neuronal interference, the adult brain exploits pre-established patterns of functional specializa...

pHLIP, a novel technology to locate and treat tumors

...erted across the membrane as an alpha-helix. Under normal tissue conditions of neutral pH, the water-soluble form is favored. At acidic pH, the transmembrane alpha-helix predominates. An earlier paper from the same groups shows that at low pH, pHLIP can move cell-impermeable molecules across a cell memb...

Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified

...se tissues. "With the p63-lacking mice you get normal commitment and differentiation," says McKeon. "The defect is simply running out of stem cells. When you run out of stem cells, you run out of those tissues as we have seen with the mice lacking the p63 gene." Having established that p63 was only i...

Cancer patients monitor fatigue in real time

...g toxic substances in the body that interfere with normal cell functions. "People who are having problems breathing -- another symptom of some cancers -- may also experience fatigue." According to Hacker, this is the first study of real-time collection of fatigue data in acutely ill cancer patients. E...

First clinical trial of gene therapy for childhood blindness

...particular gene called RPE65. This defect prevents normal function of the retina, the light-sensitive layer ... should restore vision. The operation delivers the normal genes to the retina, using a harmless virus or "vector" to carry the gene into the cells. The vector...

Traumas like Sept. 11 make brains more reactive to fear

...t trigger shock, fear and horror that are within a normal range -- may cause similar changes in the brain th...rders. "We know that looking at fearful faces in normal adults tends to activate the amygdalae relative to looking at neutral faces," said Ganzel. "So we we...

Targeting sugar on blood vessels may inhibit cancer growth

...‘fuels?for angiogenesis, without a major effect on normal vascular function." The researchers hope to develop novel therapies by inhibiting endothelial heparan sulfate in the tumor environment. An example would be developing small-molecule inhibitors of Ndst1. By affecting a broad array of molecules ?s...

How to steer a moving cell

...re functionally integrated to steer the cell under normal and pathological conditions. "A surprising find... embryo, are also found to control the movement of normal and cancerous cells," said Klemke. "This is apparently a fundamental, evolutionarily conserved pro...

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