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Tag: "neural" at biology news

Ritalin packs punch by elevating norepinephrine, suppressing nerve signal transmissions

...earn about methylphenidate, which has an impact on neural circuits throughout the entire brain, not just the sensory pathway studied in this paper, Waterhouse noted. The changes that occur in this sensory pathway may affect other areas of the brain and changes in other areas of the brain may affect this pat...

Malignant melanoma cells secrete protein required for embryo formation

...tic of multiple cell types, including endothelial, neural and stem cells. The Hendrix lab has long hypothesized that the plastic nature of malignant melanoma cells serves as an advantage by enhancing the cells' ability to migrate, invade and metastasize virtually undetected by the immune system. In thi...

Neuronal cell cultures kept on the straight and narrow

...e maximum gap between lines that can be bridged by neural axons and dendrites. The research is part of a multidisciplinary NIST program to develop biochemical measurement technologies based on microfluidics. ...

Queensland scientists identify molecule that links both sides of the brain

...ctions between each side of the adult brain. QBI neural migration laboratory head Associate Professor Helen Cooper said her group's research provided new clues regarding development of the corpus callosum, the main connecting nerve tract that shuttles information between the left and right hemispheres of ...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...sticated interfaces between the brain and external neural prosthetics; it represents a new, powerful, and flexible approach for real-time cellular assays useful for drug discovery and other applications; and it opens the possibility for hybrid circuits that couple the strengths of digital nanoelectronic and...

Device effective in zapping the pain out of migraines

...he brain, before they lead to headaches. Auras are neural disturbances that signal the onset of migraine headaches. People who suffer from migraine headaches often describe "seeing" showers of shooting stars, zigzagging lines and flashing lights, and experiencing loss of vision, weakness, tingling or confus...

Bumble bees can estimate time intervals

...ion may be found in animals with relatively simple neural systems. ...

Neurons grown from embryonic stem cells restore function in paralyzed rats

... myelin. Some animals also received transplants of neural stem cells that secreted the nerve growth factor G...otor neurons, rolipram, dbcAMP, and GDNF-secreting neural stem cells in the sciatic nerve ?had several hundred transplant-derived axons extending into the per...

Possible birthplace of malignant brain tumors identified

... In their studies, they sought to discover whether neural stem cells in the brain called B cells carry a rec...o a lock. There had been indirect evidence that neural stem cells give rise to brain tumors. "However, it has not been shown in vivo that tumor stem cells ...

Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility

...a scar to prevent further injury, but it stops all neural traffic from moving forward. Researchers from...ffered the spinal injury. Next, they jump started neural traffic by allowing many nerve fibers to exit from the end of the bridge. This was accomplished, fo...

Life and death in the hippocampus: what young neurons need to survive

...tor into the hippocampus, a brain region harboring neural stem cells that give rise to new neurons. Newly bo...ng fewer new neurons had survived originating from neural stem cells in which the NMDA receptor had been eliminated. Listening to Gage, one gets the impres...

Case Western Reserve University researchers find protein associated with brain cell death

...ee radical production that eventually leads to the neural cell death found in Alzheimer's disease. They report their findings in the Journal of Biological Chemistry article, "Fibrillar Beta-Amyloid Stimulated Intracellular Signaling Cascades Require Vav for Induction of Respiratory Burst and Phagocytosi...

Natural vitamin E tocotrienol reaches blood at protective levels

...ury. To observe the TCT's effectiveness, rodent neural cells were pretreated with extremely low concentrations of TCT; these cells avoided the cell death associated with toxicity caused by homocysteic acid. But to reduce free-radical activity and resulting neurotoxicity, the scientists found that a highe...

Dissecting the machinery of nicotine's reward

... drug. And that understanding involves tracing the neural machinery by which nicotine switches on the brain's reward machinery. In an article in the June 15, 2006, Neuron, Jean-Pierre Changeux of CNRS, Collège de France, and Institut Pasteur and Philippe Faure of Institut Pasteur and CNRS and colleagues re...

Neural stem cell gene plays crucial role in eye development

...lopment of the eye requires the right amount of a neural stem cell gene be expressed at the right time and ...the nervous system. In the developing eye, retinal neural stem cells differentiate to form the neurons of the adult eye and form the optic nerve. Led by Dr....

New compound reduces stroke damage

...mpound protected the rats' neurons and also caused neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Diseased animals with motor behavior deficits also showed improvement when they were given the synthetic drug. These results suggest a potential therapeutic application specific FKBP38 inhibitors...

Brain-computer link lets paralyzed patients convert thoughts into actions

...mb to grasp and move objects. Despite a decline in neural signals after 6.5 months, Nagle remained an active... where they pick up electrical signals -- known as neural spiking, the language of the brain -- from nearby neurons and transmit them through thin gold wires ...

Making a face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development

...and multiplex RT-PCR of mRNAs -- that formation of neural crest cells in chick embryos is independent of both mesoderm and neural tissues. They also identify, Pax7, as an early marker of neural crest formation and prove that its f...

Stem cells found in adult skin can be transplanted and function in mouse models of disease

...that stem cells derived from adult skin can create neural cell types that can be transplanted into and funct...ition to generating the peripheral nervous system, neural crest stem cells generate other tissues such as bone, cartilage, some types of muscle, and even part...

Gene therapy injected into the brains' of mice with Huntington's disease

...that would normally die in this disease. The other neural nutrient is called neurturin (NTN). GDNF and NTN also increase production of the chemical neurotransmitter dopamine, which sends signals in the brain that enable people to move smoothly and normally. Ceregene, Inc, whose scientists co-authored this ...

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