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Tag: "neural" at biology news

Decoding the logic of olfaction

...e have succeeded in mapping the unique patterns of neural activity produced by a wide range of odors, includ...these distinct ?but often overlapping ?patterns of neural activity represents a significant step in understanding how the brain translates complex signals fro...

Genpathway and Baylor College of Medicine Identify New Genes in Breast Cancer

...e have succeeded in mapping the unique patterns of neural activity produced by a wide range of odors, includ...these distinct ?but often overlapping ?patterns of neural activity represents a significant step in understanding how the brain translates complex signals fro...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

...as been used in cultures to maintain the growth of neural stem cells. The new UC Berkeley experiments, on frogs, show that some steps in early embryonic development are so critical that many overlapping signals are needed to ensure that cells go down the right path. The formation of the back and belly is a...

Rhesus monkeys can assess the visual perspective of others when competing for food

...e results lay the groundwork for investigating the neural basis for this kind of social reasoning in a readi...animal ?an urgent endeavor for developing a better neural understanding of diseases such as autism, in which this kind of social reasoning appears impaired. ...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...in his lab. In contrast to the tight packaging of neural genes in other cells, REST keeps the chromatin in embryonic stem and precursor neurons open and poised for gene activity. "REST keeps the brake on lightly until a trigger tells embryonic stem cells it's time to make a neuron," Mandel said. The cell ...

Remote control flies? Fly behavior controlled by laser light

...ck also says "one could use this method to restore neural signals that have been lost" due to injury or dise... or continue for minutes, depending on whether the neural circuit activated by the remote control has feedback loops that keep the circuit. "In the case of th...

Researchers discover stem cell 'guide' that may be key for targeting neural stem cell treatments

...ve discovered how new neurons born from endogenous neural stem cells are sent to regions of the brain where ... adult brain maintains at least some regions where neural stem cells create new neurons to replace old and dying ones. One area is the subventricular zone of ...

Mapping neuron connections in the brain

...ps could be used to create computer simulations of neural circuits involving tens of thousands of neurons with biologically realistic connections--and provide a practical way to begin untangling the mysteries of the brain. ### Citation: Amirikian B (2005) A phenomenological theory of spatially structured ...

Researchers develop promising new gene network analysis method

...to explain complex systems such as power grids and neural networks. After applying both statistical methods to the experimental data, the team found that the correlation method was a more effective analytical tool. The method was sensitive enough to capture gene network changes after tamoxifen treatment, p...

Using nanoparticles, in vivo gene therapy activates brain stem cells

...icles successfully altered the development path of neural stem cells is especially intriguing because of scientific concerns that embryonic stem cells may not be able to function correctly since they have bypassed some of the developmental stages cells normally go through. "What we did here instead was to ...

Blink, and the brain misses it

...nvolved in visual awareness during blinks may be a neural mechanism for preventing the brain from becoming a...miss it. Bristow et al.: "Blinking suppresses the neural response to unchanging retinal stimulation." Publishing in Current Biology, Vol. 15, 1296?300, July ...

How monarch butterflies are wired for navigation

...er molecules, they were surprised to discover tiny neural fibers containing a key clock protein that connected with the polarization photoreceptors in the butterfly eye. "This pathway has not been described in any other insect, and it may be a hallmark feature of butterflies that use a time-compensated sun...

Going To Extremes To Improve Human Health

...nditions such as diabetes, involves uncovering the neural and vascular interactions in the skin during environmental heat stress. In the effort to understand why young women are more susceptible to fainting than men, he also studies how estrogen and progesterone influence blood pressure regulation. Minson ...

Pinpointing a culprit molecule in Alzheimer's disease

...nsive accumulation of amyloid plaque and resulting neural damage. What's more, when the researchers crossed the Ab42 mice with those producing mutant APP, they saw a massive increase in amyloid deposition that was more than the additive effect of the two mutations. The researchers pointed out that test tub...

Deep sleep short-circuits brain's grid of connectivity

...ns that during waking hours are a bustling grid of neural dialogue - apparently lose their ability to communicate effectively, causing consciousness to fade. Writing today (Sept. 30) in the journal Science, a team of researchers led by University of Wisconsin-Madison professor of psychiatry Giulio Tononi r...

Frog peptides block HIV in lab study

...ns that during waking hours are a bustling grid of neural dialogue - apparently lose their ability to communicate effectively, causing consciousness to fade. Writing today (Sept. 30) in the journal Science, a team of researchers led by University of Wisconsin-Madison professor of psychiatry Giulio Tononi r...

Endocannabinoids ?the brain's cannabis ?demonstrate novel modes of action to stress

...ting to involvement of endocannabinoids as a novel neural messenger in various stress-related situations with possible applications in eating, disease treatment and social behavior. Tulane, LSU team on stress-related shutdown The team from Tulane and Louisiana State Universities, led by Shi Di, found that...

Tetanus toxin found to have therapeutic properties

...y terminal, the harmless fragment, strengthens the neural cells and protects them from external aggressions. This means it has a neuroprotective effect that prevents the death of the neurons when they are faced with aggressive situations. This is why the scientists believe the harmless toxin fragment could ...

Nicotine triggers the same brain reward circuitry as opiates

...archers have found that nicotine triggers the same neural pathways that give opiates such as heroin their addictively rewarding properties--including associating an environment with the drug's reward. However, unlike opiates, nicotine does not directly activate the brain's opiate receptors, but activates th...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

... assessing risk, the researchers next explored the neural circuitry that governed that assessment. They thre...y believed they have isolated one component of the neural machinery of risk, they do not believe they have mapped the entire circuitry. "We don't think the p...

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