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Tag: "nerve" at biology news

Antibody therapy prevents type 1 diabetes in mice

...ng to blindness, kidney failure, heart disease and nerve damage. Previously known as juvenile diabetes, type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed at a very early age, but in some cases it can be diagnosed in adulthood. In this study, the Pitt researchers treated non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with an antibody ...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

...ract to create myelin, a fatty coating that covers nerve cells and increases the speed and reliability of t...e weakening. The myelin sheath that surrounds a nerve cell is analogous to the insulating material that coats an electrical cord or wire, keeping nerve im...

Proteins important in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease travel in the slow lane

...kinson’s disease moving along axons, extensions of nerve cells that carry proteins away from the cell body. Understanding this process of axonal transport is important for studying many neurodegenerative diseases. The study appeared in the Journal of Neuroscience. Axonal transport often breaks down and ...

Scientists to track impact of Asian dust and pollution on clouds, weather, climate change

...ct mammalian brain, and we believe this advance in nerve circuit mapping will be to neurobiology what micro...here are many approaches to studying how different nerve cells in the brain react to stimuli from the environment, this mouse model is the first to be able t...

Common algae helps illustrate mammalian brain electrical circuitry

...ct mammalian brain, and we believe this advance in nerve circuit mapping will be to neurobiology what micro...here are many approaches to studying how different nerve cells in the brain react to stimuli from the environment, this mouse model is the first to be able t...

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

...ons and glial cells. Unlike neurons, which conduct nerve impulses, glial cells are supporting cells that surround neurons and insulate them from one another. In experiments with cultured precursor cells, the researchers found that SHP-2 activates the regulatory pathway that causes genesis of neurons and...

Researchers hot on the trail of brain cell degeneration

...on keeps the protein in an inactive state, and the nerve cells thus survive a previously toxic level of over-stimulation. The study identifies a new factor provoking cell degeneration. It is more than likely that future research will uncover more such factors interacting with each other. Investigating ...

Cancer researchers add spice to research against rare neuromuscular disease

...mal levels of a vital molecule crucial for keeping nerve cells healthy. While a great deal more research needs to be done to see if the compound could be developed into a drug to help people with the disease, scientists say it's a promising development in a field where progress has been slow. The res...

The origin of the brain lies in a worm

...ike the earthworm have a rope-ladder-like chain of nerve cell clusters on their belly side. Other invertebrates on the other hand have their nerve cells distributed diffusely over their body. Yet, all these species descend from a common ancestor c...

New sensor detects gaseous chemical weapon surrogates in 45 seconds

... has demonstrated QPAS's ability to detect gaseous nerve agent surrogates. In one test, researchers used diisopropyl methyl phosphonate (DIMP), which is a chemical compound that's similar to sarin. QPAS detected DIMP at the sub-part-per-billion level in less than one minute. The miniscule level is similar ...

Conceptualizing a cyborg

...ace letting it do what it likes - assimilating new nerve cells into its own network". To develop the ne... For example, the patient's thoughts could convert nerve signals into movements of a prosthetic, while sensory stimuli, such as temperature or pressure provi...

Inhibiting blood to save the brain

..., triggering inflammation that leads to MS-related nerve damage. Researchers at the University of Californi...is marked by loss of myelin, a material that coats nerve fibers. Past studies showed that the destruction of the myelin sheath is associated with the accumu...

Pregnancy hormone key to repairing nerve cell damage

...sible for rebuilding the protective coating around nerve cells. In a paper to be published in the February...oduction of myelin, the fatty substance that coats nerve cells and plays a critical role in transmitting messages in the central nervous system. A collaborat...

Scientists produce neurons from human skin

.... This is the first time such an advanced state of nerve cell differentiation has been achieved from human ...erentiated cells rather than multiply neurons from nerve cells. Tests conducted by the researchers demonstrated that stem cells from the skin can prolifer...

Liposuctioned fat stem cells to repair bodies

...s impossible to re-programme adult cells to become nerve or liver cells, for example, without using embryos. Adult stem cells, such as those from fat, are thought to have more limited potential. Collas insists that the transformation is possible. The hurdle lies not with the genes but with a cell’s epi...

Thinking with the spinal cord?

...puzzle. Our muscles are controlled by thousands of nerve cells in the spinal cord. This entire, complex sys... a certain motion with high accuracy, the involved nerve cells never repeat their activity patterns. This particular observation reflects the organisation of...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

...and flaking on your head also can calm overexcited nerve cells inside your head, making it a potential trea...rotein defects that prevent potassium from exiting nerve cells and calming them. “Channels that carry potassium,?says Min Li, Ph.D., professor of neuroscienc...

Widely used iron nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on neuronal cells

...in several biomedical applications can be toxic to nerve cells and interfere with the formation of their si...he neurobiological and neurochemical properties of nerve cells. Jin and the other co-authors of the paper, Thomas R Pisanic, II, Jennifer D. Blackwell, Ve...

When smell cells fail they call in stem cell reserves

... come in until things are really bad.? The only nerve cells in the body to run directly from the brain t... how the olfactory system repairs severely damaged nerve cells, Reed’s team exposed mouse olfactory nerves to a cloud of toxic methyl-bromide gas. Methyl bro...

Brain works more chaotically than previously thought

...ly at the synapses, i.e. the junctions between the nerve cell extensions. Rather, it seems that the neurons...excite the actual receptor but also numerous other nerve cells." If this hypothesis is correct, the accepted scientific understanding of the way neurons ...

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