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Tag: "named" at biology news

University of Minnesota researchers take new look at cellular suicide

...r packaging DNA," said Dong, who studied a histone named H2AX. "People believe H2AX plays a role in DNA repair. But we find that if DNA can't be repaired, the cell undergoes apoptosis. The histone H2AX is probably important for both apoptosis and DNA repair." Dong and his colleagues were led to the discov...

Scientists tie several cancers to common 'oncogene engine'

...MiT transcription factor family are three proteins named TFEB, TFE3, and TFEC. One of them, TFEB, is known to be abnormal in certain kidney carcinomas in children, and TFE3 is involved in another rare soft-tissue tumor, alveolar soft part sarcoma, which tends to affect female children and young adults. "I...

Scientists describe new African monkey genus ?first in 83 years

... team placed Kipunji in its own genus Rungwecebus, named after Mt. Rungwe where Kipunji was first observed. Unfortunately, the forest home of this new monkey is fragmented and vulnerable. Logging, charcoal making, poaching and unmanaged resource extraction are common. Without intervention, both forests w...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

...understanding the enzyme that phosphorylates Rec8, named Polo kinase, because it more accurately identified the specific sites on the Rec8 subunit that Polo phosphorylates. Firm identification of such sites will enable more precise studies of the mechanism of function of Rec8, and will also enable scientis...

Interfering RNA silences genes in 'slippery' immune cells

...e in T cells. Dr. Finkel previously discovered and named HALP, an acronym for "HIV-associated life preserver," showing that it had a role in prolonging HIV infection by helping HIV-infected T cells survive attack by the immune system. Using siRNA and their laboratory techniques, the investigators succeed...

Weizmann Institute scientists discover a molecular security mechanism for keeping mutations in check

... in this system are the proteins p53 and p21. p53, named "molecule of the year" several years ago by Science, is well known for its central role in reining in cancer processes in the cell. In this case, the proteins seem to act as supervisors, taming the careless enzymes and keeping them in careful check. ...

Ghost protein leaves fresh tracks in the cell

...protein scaffold under the cell's membrane. It was named for its ability to maintain the shape of cell "ghosts," which have been emptied of their contents. Ankyrin serves as the mortar that attaches spectrin to the red blood cell membrane. Dubreuil and his UIC co-workers have spent a decade looking at di...

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...office on campus. The Biophysical Society recently named Boxer one of five Fellows and praised his ''seminal contributions and advancement of the field of biophysics through his groundbreaking research in several areas: supported membranes, Stark effect spectroscopy of proteins, properties of autofluoresce...

Protowings may have helped bird ancestors cover rough terrain

...d even vertical surfaces. Dial and colleagues have named this form of locomotion "wing-assisted Iincline running" (WAIR). After they are able to fly, chukars often use WAIR in preference to flying to gain elevated terrain, and exhausted birds always resort to WAIR. Dial and colleagues describe experiments...

Cell death following blood 'reflow' injury tracked to natural toxin

...f Cell Engineering (ICE). The research team has named the cell death process caused by PAR-polymer "parthanatos," after Thanatos, the personification of death from Greek mythology. To establish that PAR-polymer is indeed the culprit in the kind of reperfusion injuries long linked to heart attacks, str...

Killing brain tumors from within: A 'Trojan horse' approach

...cells, he added. Last year, Prof. Levitzki was named as a winner of the prestigious Wolf Prize in Medicine for his research on cancer development and treatment. His previous work has already led to successful therapy in treating leukemia and some lung cancer patients....

Ground spider diversity studied in research project

None of Takesha Henderson's discoveries are named Charlotte, but they are weaving a new chapter in Texas entomology. Her graduate studies at Texas A&M University have led to the discovery of 25 new spiders in Brazos County and one species found for the first time in Texas. In research sponsored...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

...rate colonization of land is known as Romer's Gap, named for the Yale University paleontologist, Alfred Romer, who first recognized it. But the term has typically been applied only to pre-dinosaur amphibians, and there has been little understanding of why the gap occurred. Now a team of scientists led b...

Far more than a meteor killed dinos

... about 500 kilometers in diameter is estimated and named Shiva by paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee from the Museum of Texas Tech University in Lubbock. The evidence for it, however, is not very compelling at this time." ...

'Fruit fly dating game' provides clues to our reproductive prowess

... about 500 kilometers in diameter is estimated and named Shiva by paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee from the Museum of Texas Tech University in Lubbock. The evidence for it, however, is not very compelling at this time." ...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

...patient, therefore, has a unique disease, which we named XPF-ERCC1, or XFE-progeroid syndrome." To understand why this XPF mutation caused accelerated aging, the investigators compared the expression pattern of all of the genes (approximately 30,000) in the liver of 15-day-old mice that had been genera...

West Australian fossil find rewrites land mammal evolution

...ar-old fossil fish called Gogonasus, or Gogo fish, named after Gogo Station in Western Australia where it was found. The fossil skeleton shows the fish's skull had large holes for breathing through the top of the head but importantly also had muscular front fins with a well-formed humerus, ulna and radi...

New dwarf buffalo discovered by chance in the Philippines

...ctober issue of the Journal of Mammalogy, has been named Bubalus cebuensis (BOO-buh-luhs seh-boo-EN-sis) after the Philippine island of Cebu, where it was found. Its most distinctive feature is its small size. While large domestic water buffalo stand six feet at the shoulder and can weigh up to 2,000 pound...

Researchers give name to ancient mystery creature

...st and only comprehensive account of the creature, named Horolodectes sunae, for the unusual shape of the crowns of the teeth. Horolodectes lived about 60 million years ago, soon after the dinosaurs went extinct, in a period known for its rapid diversification of small mammals. Based on careful examination...

Cellular traffic backups implicated in skeletal malformations

...st hours after fertilization. But the mutant fish, named crusher, hatched and survived to nine days, albeit with striking skeletal abnormalities ?craniofacial defects, kinked fins and shortened body. The pathway affected by the crusher mutation is key to transporting proteins outside of the cell. All pro...

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