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Tag: "mutations" at biology news

Greasing interferon's gears may pave way to greater therapeutic benefits, fewer side effects

...transgenic mice engineered to carry the same Stat1 mutations that were examined in cells. In this way, the researchers can investigate the benefits of hyper-responsive Stat1 for infection control and cancer treatment in a living organism. These studies lay the foundation for the development of human treatments...

Harnessing genomic research

...reatment- A large number of cancers are linked to mutations in a specific gene or biological pathway. Researchers from KuDOS pharmaceuticals, Imperial College London and the Gurdon Institute, Cambridge are exploring ways to identify molecular signatures resulting from the loss of specific gene function in bre...

Switching to new anti-bacterial targets: Riboswitches

... in pyrithiamine and become resistant by acquiring mutations in their riboswitches. This work, in combination with the recently solved crystal structures of purine riboswitches, opens a path to the directed design of drugs targeting riboswitches for use as antibiotics. According to the researchers, it is inev...

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

...ers what is believed to be the first evidence that mutations within cancer cells can signal surrounding tissue ...ion. Moreover, the findings also suggest that cell mutations that promote cancer progression may arise in cells other than the predominant cancer cell. The new ...

Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation

...s was first discovered in a human brain tumor, and mutations in this family of genes result in severe birth defects and devastating cancers in humans. "While some cancers are explained by known defects in the regulation of the GLI1 gene, for many cancers the reasons for excessive GLI1 protein are not known. ...

NIH launches comprehensive effort to explore cancer genomics

...stematically identify and characterize the genetic mutations and other genomic changes associated with cancer. ... by the International HapMap Consortium. Genetic mutations linked to breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, and other cancers already have led to diagnostic te...

New U. of Colorado at Boulder flu chip may help combat future epidemics, pandemics

...er. The Flu Chip also should be able to recognize mutations that might occur in avian flu H5N1, which has been spreading rapidly from bird to bird in Asia, Russia and parts of Europe, said Kuchta. While the avian virus does not now spread effectively from person to person, world health officials are fearful ...

Mutations in the BRAF gene predict sensitivity to a novel class of cancer drugs

...tage clinical trials -- work best in patients with mutations in the BRAF gene. BRAF is a protein that plays a c...Project, has the goal of identifying the causative mutations that cause human cancers. "This represents what we believe will be the first of a series of new dru...

Technique offers new view of dynamic biological landscape

... compared the growth rate for each cell containing mutations in two genes with the growth rate of mutant cells carrying mutations in only one of those genes. "The analysis of these epistatic interactions gave us a unique and coh...

ASU researchers 'wire' DNA to identify mutations

...revent disease. "There is a high demand to track mutations for cancer research or future applications in personalized medicine," said Zhang, an associate research professor of the Center for Single Molecule Biophysics in the Biodesign Institute at ASU. "Currently, the main issue in doing this type of detec...

Ancient DNA helps UF researchers unearth potential hemophilia therapy

... of fish like trout for 15 million years. Years of mutations in the genetic code had buried the transposon, silencing its ability to issue molecular marching orders. Fletcher and researchers Li Liu, M.D., Ph.D., an adjunct postdoctoral associate in the department of pharmacology and therapeutics, and Cathryn ...

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

...ting neurons. The implicated gene, KCNC3, and two mutations are described in the journal Nature Genetics, publ...their aggregation, but the identification of KCNC3 mutations and their functional characterization represent a novel avenue for understanding cell death," said S...

'Virus chip' detects new virus in prostate tumors

... Among the 20 prostate tumor samples from men with mutations in both copies of their RNASEL viral defense gene, eight of them, or 40 percent, contained the virus, while the virus was found in only one of 66 tumors from men with at least one normal copy of the gene. The researchers don't know if the virus is u...

Liver cancer linked to cellular repair pathway

...vation of Hedgehog pathway's components or genetic mutations that accumulate in these components during tissue repair. "Ordinarily, the process is very tightly regulated, but apparently something goes wrong in these cells and the pathway is not turned off. That's what conveys malignancy," Sicklick said. Stud...

Intelligently designed molecular evolution

...uiterpene synthase, then systematically recombined mutations of these residues through site-directed mutagenesis, based on a mathematical model developed by Yoshikuni. Construction of the seven sesquiterpene synthases was accomplished with the screening of fewer than 2,500 mutants. An alterative approach, cal...

Neurons find their place in the developing nervous system with the help of a sticky molecule

...ing in other parts of the nervous system. Numerous mutations in the human L1 gene have been uncovered; individuals with these mutations often show severe defects in neuronal positioning and connectivity, which are clinically manifested ...

Carbon nanotubes that detect disease-causing mutations developed by Pitt researcher

...ped devices made of carbon nanotubes that can find mutations in genes causing hereditary diseases, they report in the Jan. 16 issue of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. This method is less expensive and takes less time than conventional techniques. Carbon nanotubes are rolled-up shee...

Powerful new tool for studying brain development

...c diseases, are also believed to be caused by gene mutations that arise during development of this complex organ. A report on the development and availability of the BGEM appears in the March 28 issue of PLoS Biology. The Web site is http://www.stjudebgem.org/ The similarity of the mouse and human brain...

Mouse study reveals human X-SCID gene therapy poses substantial cancer risk

...e careful analysis," he says. X-SCID is caused by mutations in IL2RG, which provides instructions for making the common gamma chain protein. This powerful protein, found on the surface of immature blood cells in the bone marrow, works with other proteins to direct the growth and maturation of a number of diff...

Fruit fly's beating heart helps identify human heart disease genes

...stemically screen genes to identify potential gene mutations or variants implicated in human heart disease. The...According to Rockman, about 80 percent of the gene mutations known to cause disease in humans have an equivalent in the fruit fly. "If there is a mutation in a ...

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