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Tag: "mutations" at biology news

NYU and MSKCC research provides model for understanding chemically induced cancer initiation

... imperative to understand how chemicals can induce mutations and cancer at the molecular level," added NYU's Broyde. "Such information is needed for devising novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for addressing the problem of cancer induction by environmental chemical carcinogens." The researchers added...

UCSD research reveals mechanism involved with type of fatal epilepsy

...esults in death by the age of 30, can be caused by mutations in a gene that regulates the concentration of the ...ism is intimately linked to the disease. Recessive mutations in two genes have been shown to cause Lafora disease. The genes encode the proteins laforin and mali...

UCLA scientists store materials in cells natural vaults

...achs disease * DNA delivery to correct genetic mutations * Timed release of drugs, enzymes and DNA * Extracting and imprisoning cellular toxins into the vault * Stabilizing proteins in vaults to increase their lifespans AUTHORS: Leonard Rome, professor of biological chemistry and senior assoc...

Supercomputers to focus brains on AIDS dilemma

...ion arises in the east. And because emerging HIV-1 mutations have significantly reduced the usefulness of many ...e drugs, maintaining the ability to bind even when mutations occur is an important advantage. "These results, combining our computer simulations at SDSC and Mer...

Disease progression model of pancreatic cancer developed by Penn researchers

...hysiological, cellular, and genomic changes due to mutations in Kras and p53 in the mice to changes similar to ...this variability resulted from additional acquired mutations in known key tumor suppressor pathways, Hingorani suggests, "there may actually be unique genetic ro...

Gladstone investigators discover how resting T cells avoid HIV infection

... the early death of these cells or the creation of mutations in the chromosomes that might lead to cancer. "The possibility of exploiting the natural and potent antiviral properties of A3G to control HIV infection is very exciting," says Greene. "We have learned a great deal from our studies of how the restin...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

...d some of the first genetic triggers for cancer as mutations in specific oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. F...stitute answer this vital question and suggest why mutations in a certain few genes, such as the p53 tumor suppressor gene, are found in so many different cancer...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...ed LexA in the bacterium Escherichia coli promotes mutations and helps the pathogen evolve resistance to antibi...ime of an organism, a certain level of spontaneous mutations will occur -- mistakes that escape repair and become part of the DNA of the cell in which they occur...

15-year hunt finds cause of pseudothalidomide syndrome

...nalysis become powerful enough to find the genetic mutations behind a disease as rare as Roberts." Some of the techniques they used -- such as that to make many copies of DNA from a small sample -- have been around in some form for more than a decade. But others are much more recent developments. For example,...

Researchers find gene that may be at root of potato blight

...r3a gene. However, some races of P. infestans with mutations in their Avr3a gene escaped the resistance response triggered by R3a. Further laboratory analysis showed that when R3a detected Avr3a in a leaf cell, that plant cell died. "This programmed cell death is how the plant keeps the pathogen from spreadi...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

... worked on for more than 20 years, but many of the mutations still are unknown," Kao said. "There's no knowledg...erythraea mutant strain," Kao said. Searching for mutations When researchers reveal how mutants overproduce antibiotics, the real work has only just begun--suc...

Embryonic Stem Cells Treated With Growth Factor Reverse Hemophilia In Mice: UNC Researchers

... for the development of mice with specific genetic mutations that mimic human illnesses such as hemophilia. In 2001, Smithies received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, often called "America’s Nobel." In the study, ES cells were treated with fibroblast growth factor for seven days prior to i...

Researchers pioneer new gene therapy technique using natural repair process

...herapy that can accurately and permanently correct mutations in disease-causing genes. The findings are availa...ns to the gene therapy technique. "That we can fix mutations in human immune cells makes us very optimistic that this therapy will work in several other diseases...

Researchers Identify Cause of Early Bird Sleep Disorder

...clock-shift. Both arise because of so-called point mutations in the genes. This means that altering a single base-pair in the gene's long DNA chain is enough to change a person's sleep behavior. Evidence from tissue culture experiments with the second gene suggests the change causes a protein -- an enzyme call...

Leprosy genome tells story of human migrations, French researchers report in Science

...ittle variation. Next, the researchers looked for mutations known as "single nucleotide polymorphisms" or "SNPs," which are substitutions of single nucleotides or "letters" at a specific spot in the genome. They found only three spots where useful SNPs occurred. "Finding so few SNPs is pretty unusual. It's t...

Determining The Fate Of Cells In The Human Body

... with cardiac and placental tissue defects. Twist1 mutations are encountered at high frequency in patients with Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome. "By studying a disease in which things go wrong at the cellular level, we gain insight into how to correct these errors," said Dr. Firulli, who also is a molecular biologis...

U of T researchers map role of Epstein-Barr virus in cancer

...eved, she says scientists can then design specific mutations in these proteins to see what happens to cells when the proteins don't interact with one another. A better understanding of these molecular mechanisms will hopefully lead scientists and researchers to developing better methods of combating viruses li...

Ancient DNA helps clarify the origins of two extinct New World horse species

...ion undergoes high mutation rates, the patterns of mutations remain stable over thousands of generations. The mtDNA analysis of the South and North American horses provided evidence that stilt-legged horses, the Hippidion genus, and caballine, or true horses, all arose from a common lineage. The authors showe...

High-powered gene profiles provide clues to genes involved in common form of lung cancer

...PhD, of Dana-Farber. "It's likely that the genetic mutations already linked to NSCLC constitute only a portion of all the genetic errors that drive the disease. Our work provides a good starting point for scientists looking for others." As part of the study, investigators did microarray analyses on the two ma...

Critical step traced in anthrax infection

... discovery by the Collier lab identifying a set of mutations in protective antigen that prevent translocation, some of which represented a new type of antitoxin that may be useful in anthrax treatment. In the recent work, Collier and his colleagues found that the phi-clamp composes the main conductance-blocki...

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