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Tag: "mutation" at biology news

New human retrovirus originated in mice

...e cancer. The patients in the study have a genetic mutation that compromised some of their natural defenses ag..., RNASEL, had been mutated in a specific way. This mutation compromised the function of the enzyme produced by RNASEL, which normally shreds viral genetic mater...

Novel connection found between biological clock and cancer

...that the clock regulates DNA-damage input and that mutation can affect the clock as well as the cell cycle is ...e (period-4) was identified over 25 years ago by a mutation that affects two clock properties, shortening the circadian period and altering temperature compensa...

New fruit fly protein illuminates circadian response to light

... analysis revealed that the jetlag flies possess a mutation in a gene that encodes a member of the F-box protein family. A closer examination of the protein produced by the mutated sequence led researchers to JET, a new protein within the F-box protein family. "Since the degradation of TIM always happens in ...

AIDS-related cognitive impairment exists in two separate forms

... colon that turns over every five days. However, a mutation in these stem cells produces mutant daughter cells, disorganized tissue architecture, and increased proliferation of crypt cells, which leads to development of colon tumors, Boman said. Hence, they then analyzed malignant colon tissues and found that...

Markers of gene, protein, or micro-RNA activity predict outcome in prostate and colorectal cancers

... colon that turns over every five days. However, a mutation in these stem cells produces mutant daughter cells, disorganized tissue architecture, and increased proliferation of crypt cells, which leads to development of colon tumors, Boman said. Hence, they then analyzed malignant colon tissues and found that...

Mutation in blood stem cells provides clues to cancer development

A mutation in blood stem cells occurs in patients with a bloo...cells and which can lead to acute leukemia ?have a mutation expressed in the stem cell, the point at which the body's blood cells become structurally and functi...

New weapon in battle against osteoporosis

...lems. However, as she points out, "Women with this mutation have a three-fold higher risk of osteoporosis." The results show not only that the CB2 receptor is essential for the maintenance of a normal bone mass; they also open up completely new possibilities for therapy: "In many women with osteoporosis the ...

Study finds 60 new genes controlled by DNA snippet

... genetic diseases identified to date result from a mutation within a gene that directs protein construction, but that may soon change. "We believe more and more disease-causing mutations will be found within regulatory sequences that control genes turning on or off," Miano said. "We therefore are very inte...

Dying of excitement

... 6th in The Journal of Experimental Medicine, is a mutation in the gene encoding the glutamate transporter protein EAAT2. This mutation --- a single nucleotide change in the promoter region of the EAAT2 gene -- was equally prevalent in ...

Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans

...When the researchers compared cells with the Y1103 mutation against normal cells in a slightly more acidic environment, the cells with the abnormal channels began to misbehave. In normal cells, these sodium channels are closed at rest. In response to electrical signals they open briefly, allowing ions to ...

Jefferson researchers building a better rabies vaccine

...Medical College, and their co-workers identified a mutation in a rabies virus gene that changes a single amino...defenses. Because viruses such as rabies have high mutation rates, researchers typically "passage" the virus through mice. That is, they inject it into the anim...

U-M researchers take new approach to defeating Gram-negative bugs

...t could duplicate the effect caused by the genetic mutation of bacteria together with low-dose antibiotics. "Bugs are very smart," Woodard said. "It's not a matter of if a bug will become antibiotic resistant, but when. We have to work hard to get ahead of them." ...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

... If one of these wandering cells acquires a second mutation that prevents cell death, it could go on to establish a metastatic tumor." Having created a model for studying metastasis of tumor cells, the research team has begun to look for ways to manipulate boundary cells to prevent their metastatic behavior....

Genetic mutation linked to West Nile virus infection

A genetic mutation that protects against HIV increases the risk of de... 9th in The Journal of Experimental Medicine. The mutation in question is a small deletion in a gene that encodes a protein called CCR5, which was identified i...

A clue from macaques yields evidence for impaired retroviral defense genes in humans

...on. Unexpectedly, the researchers found a single mutation in TRIM5 that impairs its ability to defend against retroviruses. This mutation occurs at a very high frequency in some ethnic groups, leading the authors to conclude that past per...

Viral 'fitness' explains different resistance patterns to aids drugs

...s of adherence. This happens because only a single mutation is required to create high-level NNRTI resistance and these mutations have little impact on the virus's ability to replicate. PI-resistant virus, in contrast, requires multiple mutations, each of which significantly weakens the ability of the virus t...

New gene reduces retinal degeneration in fruit flies

...fly eye, researchers found that neurons carrying a mutation in this gene cannot respond as well to light as compared to neurons carrying normal copies of this gene. In fact, the mutant neurons turn off their response to light four times faster than normal neurons. Because Lazaro helps fly TRP channels work at...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...which can be severe. Unlike diseases caused by a mutation in just one gene, psoriasis is what scientists call a multi-factorial disease. This means that people must inherit several disease-related genes, plus be exposed to one or more environmental triggers, in order to get psoriasis. "For every individual...

Patients now surviving once-fatal immune disease

... XLA is a rare disease that is inherited through a mutation in the Btk gene on the X-chromosome--one of the two types of sex chromosomes. Males with this disease have very low levels of infection-fighting proteins called antibodies. Treatment includes aggressive use of antibiotics and replacement of the missi...

U of MN researchers identify ataxia gene

...children has a 50 percent chance of inheriting the mutation and developing ataxia sometime during their lifeti... Now that researchers have identified the specific mutation that causes SCA5, testing of patients at risk of developing this disease is possible before any symp...

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