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Tag: "mutation" at biology news

Researchers make headway in mystery of migraines

...wer supply. "This is the first time that a genetic mutation of the sodium pump has been shown to cause disease by changing the properties of this biochemical process, rather than completely turning it off," notes Dr. Blostein. This new understanding of how genetic mutations cause migraines takes us one step c...

Cancer drug slows poxvirus in mice

...es, are well known to cancer investigators because mutation of one family member, Abl, causes a rare form of cancer known as chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Gleevec inhibits Abl-family tyrosine kinases and has proved very useful in treating CML. To learn whether Gleevec could prevent or lessen vaccinia's...

Ancient DNA helps clarify the origins of two extinct New World horse species

...ry relationships: though the region undergoes high mutation rates, the patterns of mutations remain stable over thousands of generations. The mtDNA analysis of the South and North American horses provided evidence that stilt-legged horses, the Hippidion genus, and caballine, or true horses, all arose from a c...

Researchers Identify Cause of Early Bird Sleep Disorder

..., issue of the journal Nature. The sleep-shifting mutation they found is in "a gene that was not previously shown in mammals to be a circadian rhythm gene," Ptacek explained. It's not yet clear how the mutant gene works to shift people's sleep time, their circadian rhythm, he added. But follow-on experiments...

Researchers pioneer new gene therapy technique using natural repair process

...disease is a disorder in which blood cells carry a mutation in hemoglobin. The mutation causes the blood cells to change shape, preventing them from flowing through the blood vessels effic...

DOE JGI launches IMG public online microbial genome data clearinghouse

... for understanding everything from the patterns of mutation to adaptation," said Taylor. "Computational biologists have led the way, but IMG makes it possible for evolutionary biologists without first-rate computer skills to compare fungal and bacterial genomes and scrutinize fundamental processes like specia...

Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk

...soning (PSP), but scientists have now identified a mutation in clams that gives some protection. PSP toxins in...e presence of toxins. The report, "Sodium channel mutation leading to saxitoxin resistance in clams increases risk of PSP," was written by a team of scientists...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

...of genes known to produce the antibiotic, but in a mutation of another gene that co-regulates the timing of ex...onmutant produces it for only one. If the specific mutation can be located, Kao reasons, perhaps it can be introduced into other antibiotic-producing bacteria t...

Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1

...or RNAi that HIV-1 cannot elude by using the point mutation mechanism, " explains Dr. Jeang. The researchers include Yamina Bennasser and Kuan-Teh Jeang of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Shu-Yun Le of the National Cancer Institute; and Monsef Benkirane of the Institut de Genetique...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...rce that drives genes. What underlies evolution is mutation -- changes in the DNA. "Mutations are the fuel for...dence for this includes the fact that the rates of mutation in some cells does not seem consistent with the mutation rates associated with DNA replication. Som...

Important discovery about second most fatal cancer

...on # Little evidence of tumour immunity # Frequent mutation of an oncogene called BRAF (also mutated in cancer...ore been ignored up to now. These polyps also show mutation of the oncogene BRAF and DNA methylation. It is likely that the same polyps may sometimes become mal...

Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer

...lications, has been what happens after the initial mutation that leads to dangerous later-stage cancers with m...ally unstable, whether they have an unusually high mutation rate. What we show in this study is that they do have a higher mutation rate than normal through thi...

Supercomputers to focus brains on AIDS dilemma

...the inhibitor can flip to the east if an integrase mutation arises in the west, or to the west if a mutation arises in the east. And because emerging HIV-1 mutations have significantly reduced the usefulness o...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...overed that the genetic basis for HGPS is a single mutation in the gene encoding lamin A. Lamin A is a critica...er. Lamin A is defective in HGPS cells because the mutation creates an aberrant splice site in the lamin A gene; the aberrant splicing, or joining the separate ...

Measuring Enzymes At End Of Cancer Pathway Predicts Outcome Of Tarceva, Taxol

...ntly available is whether lung cancer cells have a mutation in their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), but that does not predict response to the targeted therapy in other forms of cancer, Ueno says. "We find here that as long as CDK2 is suppressed, the drug works, so developing an accurate test for CD...

NYU and MSKCC research provides model for understanding chemically induced cancer initiation

...ccurs at special positions of the p53 gene, called mutation hot spots, which have been previously linked with ...e in a DNA model sequence similar to that in a p53 mutation hot spot. The change is brought about by the presence of a single methyl group (composed only of one...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

... Organisms normally exhibit extremely low rates of mutation and chromosomal rearrangements. Conditions that elevate genomic instability lead to an increase in cell death and, in some cases, an increased incidence of cancer, Petes said. Earlier work by other researchers had shown that mammalian chromosomes br...

New tumor-suppressor gene discovered

...ques helped us to narrow our search for this fly's mutation to a few candidate genes within a very small part ...rted into the molecular sequence of the gene. This mutation was a type of "transposable element" known to be able to jump to different locations along the DNA. ...

Bioelectronic ‘signatures?hold key to DNA mutations

...nome. Not every SNP found will necessarily cause a mutation or determine our eye or hair color ?but, on average, SNPs occur about once in every 1,000 DNA bases, adding up to 3 million potential individual differences across the human genome. Wang’s method allows for an accurate, ultra-sensitive, rapid and low...

First North American Encapsulated Islet Transplant without Long-term Immune Suppression into a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes

...r some time that these individuals carry a genetic mutation (known as CCR5-delta32) that prevents the virus fr...have played a role in raising the frequency of the mutation to the high levels found in some Europeans today. Professor Christopher Duncan and Dr Susan Scott f...

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