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Tag: "muscles" at biology news

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...cuff injuries. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons in the shoulder that provide rotation, elevate the arm and stabilize the shoulder joint. Rotator cuff tears involve one or more of the tendons. The injuries are more common as people age and more common in the dominant arm. The true...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...MAGE_3 Marden's lab, which studies how insect muscles work and affect the animal's survival and reproduc...pabilities, can mechanically isolate single flight muscles and measure their mechanical power output under conditions similar to those in nature. The research...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...th in a control (no pain) state and when their jaw muscles were being injected with harmless salt water in order to cause pain. The questionnaires measure pain and emotion in a standardized way, so that ratings can be compared over time. None of the participants had a history of medical or psychiatric illnes...

Experimental cancer drugs counter muscle deterioration seen in muscular dystrophy

... muscular dystrophies. Importantly, these restored muscles showed an increased resistance to contraction-coup...scular dystrophy and related dystrophies. Indeed, muscles examined from dystrophic mice treated with Trichostatin A for three months displayed normal tissue a...

Human stem cells delay start of Lou Gehrig's disease in rats

...ength of the spine to affect upper body nerves and muscles as well might lead to longer survival in the same ... in the lower spine, affecting only the nerves and muscles below the waist," he noted. "The nerves and muscles above the waist, especially those in the chest r...

Seals protect brain, conserve oxygen by turning off shivering response on icy dives

...rkable capacity to store oxygen in their blood and muscles ?four times as much as humans ?to which they add this oxygen-conserving step of not shivering, Folkow said. By allowing body temperatures to drop, they slow metabolism and reduce oxygen demand. In addition, since shivering itself requires oxygen, the...

Neural networking nanotubes

... control severe pain, or allow otherwise paralyzed muscles to be moved might one day be possible thanks to developments in materials science. Writing today in Advanced Materials, Nicholas Kotov of the University of Michigan, USA, and colleagues describe how they have used hollow, submicroscopic strands of ca...

Scientists show drug can counteract muscular dystrophy in mice

...e muscular dystrophy. At 45 to 90 days of age, the muscles of the MD mice showed much fibrous tissue and infi...rtant pathways the inhibitors use to create bigger muscles involves the activation of follistatin. "If you didn't have follistatin anymore, these drugs didn't ...

Heart smart: new drug improves blood flow

...ies produce nitric oxide to signal to the arterial muscles that they need to dilate the artery and allow more blood through. But free radicals destroy a key enzyme that allows the arterial cells to respond in this way, so the signal doesn't get through. However, the new drug ?developed by Bayer HealthCare ...

New way of tracking muscle damage from radiation

... immediate injury done by radiation therapy to the muscles of children undergoing radiation treatment for cer... Jude study showed that changes in images taken of muscles before and after radiation therapy for soft tissue sarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are related not only to...

Growth factor stimulates rapid extension of key motor neurons in brain

...pulses to the spinal motor neurons that connect to muscles ?and that blocking IGF-1 activity reduces that growth in both cultured cells and in living mice. "Our findings that IGF-1 specifically enhances both the speed and extent of axon outgrowth of corticospinal motor neurons are the first direct evidence...

Researchers show that veins stiffen as we age

...nal process, such as a chronic constriction of the muscles around the veins, or if this decreased flexibility was due to some change in the structure of the veins themselves." To find the answer, the researchers monitored the blood flow through each participant's veins in different scenarios that might con...

Breathing easy: When it comes to oxygen, a bug's life is full of it

...ir through the body), abdominal pumping (using the muscles in the abdomen to pump air), and tracheal compression (getting oxygen to the head and thorax). ...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

...able approach, it offers no help to an adult whose muscles are already formed and who now would benefit great... pill" would improve the quality of muscles, since muscles like to be exercised, and increase the burning of energy or excess fat in the body. And that would ...

Groundbreaking Canadian asthma study

... airway mucus is produced, and airways narrow when muscles within the airway walls contract. During an asthmatic attack, in response to an asthma trigger such as an allergen or irritant, the airway smooth muscle may contract leading to airway narrowing and breathing difficulties. Asthma currently affects mor...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

...ken from elsewhere in the body ?including skeletal muscles ?have been used in early clinical trials, but results are mixed. ...

Thinking with the spinal cord?

...mans are able to move at all remains a puzzle. Our muscles are controlled by thousands of nerve cells in the spinal cord. This entire, complex system must work as a whole in order to successfully create a single motion. The new research shows that even if we repeat a certain motion with high accuracy, the in...

Bumblebee house warming -- it takes a village

...tion behavior, O'Donnell said workers vibrate wing muscles to shunt down heat to their abdomen, which is held in close contact with a comb containing the brood. "You can see them shiver to transfer the heat," he said. "Task switching was previously thought to be common among bumblebee workers," said O'...

Stanford scientists make major breakthrough in regenerative medicine

... limbs, scarred hearts, broken spines, and wounded muscles always try to repair themselves, but often the result is invalidism or disease. Even some tumors try to revert to normal, but are unsuccessful. If the genetic sequence described in the sea squirt applies to humans, this study represents a major step...

Active ingredient in common Chinese herb shown to reduce hypertension

...ly to the hamsters¡¯ cheek pouch or mice cremaster muscles to achieve the final concentration of one ¦Ìg/ml or five ¦Ìg/ml. After the application of tanshinone IIA, the experiment was continued for an additional 60-minute period in order to measure arteriolar diameter and peri-arteriolar nitric oxide concent...

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