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Tag: "muscles" at biology news

Obese people are more sensitive to pain, suggests study

...imulation by measuring the reflex of the lower leg muscles that surround the sural nerve. When the brain sens...nds a message to the body to contract and move the muscles in order to get away from the source of the pain. "This kind of evaluation is in some ways a more o...

U of M study examines kidney stone prevention in astronauts

... lose calcium in their bones and strength in their muscles while in space because of the zero-gravity environment. This calcium can end up in their kidneys, putting them at risk for developing kidney stones. At least 14 American crew members have developed kidney stones in the last 5 years, and as missions...

Toxic molecule may cause most common type of muscular dystrophy

...ithin a few weeks, including an inability to relax muscles and heart rhythm abnormalities. When doxycycline w...n the lining of the intestines and in the lens and muscles of the eyes. ...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...ror, it's thought that mistakes help the brain and muscles fine-tune fine movements. The requirement for time...tly centered and not moving. Somehow the brain and muscles in the arm had "learned" this simple movement over the course of the experiment, which took only a f...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...ror, it's thought that mistakes help the brain and muscles fine-tune fine movements. The requirement for time...tly centered and not moving. Somehow the brain and muscles in the arm had "learned" this simple movement over the course of the experiment, which took only a f...

Adult stem cells are touchy-feely, need environmental clues

... of force the stem cell needs to move its cellular muscles triggers an internal chemical signal that, in turn, directs the cell to differentiate. "The cytoskeleton uses motors that, like our muscles, are based on the mechanical tension created by molecules of actin and myosin," Engler said. "When we depri...

Neurons grown from embryonic stem cells restore function in paralyzed rats

...d motor neurons in the spinal cord to connect with muscles and partially restore function in paralyzed animals. The study suggests that similar techniques may be useful for treating such disorders as spinal cord injury, transverse myelitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and spinal muscular atrophy. Th...

Discovery of agile molecular motors could aid in treating motor neuron diseases

...oy motor neurons, the cells that control voluntary muscles for such activities as speaking, walking, breathing, and swallowing. When these neurons die, the muscle itself atrophies. A well-known motor neuron disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease). Using a spe...

New roles for growth factors: Enticing nerve cells to muscles

...ecific subgroup of motor neurons to connect to the muscles that line our spine and neck," says senior author ...d bent your back." Earlier studies suggested that muscles lining the spine sent out chemical cues as a siren song for specific motor neurons known as MMCm cel...

Natural pine bark extract relieves muscle cramp and pain in athletes and diabetics

...genol® (pic-noj-en-all) improves blood flow to the muscles which speeds recovery after physical exercise. The...tant role in sports by improving blood flow to the muscles and hastening post-exercise recovery," said Dr. Peter Rohdewald, a lead researcher of the study. ...

Brain-computer link lets paralyzed patients convert thoughts into actions

... "hold promise to one day be able to activate limb muscles with these brain signals, effectively restoring brain-to-muscle control via a physical nervous system." "Our researchers initiated the clinical trial with the hope of being able to develop a non-obtrusive system that would one day provide more fre...

Scientists tie several cancers to common 'oncogene engine'

...ssue tumor ?clear cell sarcoma ?that develops near muscles and tendons in teenagers and young adults. The scientists had been alerted to the possibility of MITF involvement because clear cell sarcoma tumors are sometimes pigmented ?a process requiring the MITF transcription factor. In this form of sarcoma, F...

Proteins as parents

...onsible for controlling the passive tension of our muscles and also pulls them together again after an extension. Depending on the type of muscle, there are differences: The titin found in heart muscle is less tensile than that found in skeletal muscle and it gives the heart the necessary stability to resist...

Whiplash injuries ?are they caused by startle reflexes?

...e body relative to the head damages the joints and muscles of the neck, which can lead to long-lasting pain. Jean-Sébastien Blouin and colleagues at The University of British Columbia, collaborating with MEA Forensic Engineers & Scientists, exposed subjects to rear-end collisions that were sometimes acc...

Increased sensitivity to nerve signals keeps diabetes at bay

...blematic side effects--for example, causing smooth muscles to contract. One of three branches of the involuntary nervous system, the parasympathetic, or "rest and digest" system fulfills many roles--slowing the heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and stimulating digestive secretions. Food intake is known t...

Common carp sheds new light on surviving in extreme environments

...bin levels in the heart and some fatigue-resistant muscles increase when at high altitudes. New findings of myglobin levels in the common carp could help scientists understand how humans could survive loss of oxygen supply to their tissues during a stroke or a heart attack. Professor Andrew Cossins and his...

Ohio University researchers discover evolutionary oddity in flamingos

...study. "We were investigating the evolution of jaw muscles in lizards, birds and dinosaurs. By sheer luck we discovered something new about flamingos." To get a detailed look at the flamingo's jaw muscle structure, the researchers injected a colored barium/latex mixture into the blood vessels of a bird t...

Beauty and the brain

...rmed with electrode measurements at cheek and brow muscles (to detect the formation of incipient smiles or frowns) and, without having to rely on reported ratings, confirmed a genuine positive response to those images that were closest to prototype. "It seems you don't need to postulate an unconscious cal...

How does a zebrafish grow a new tail?

...are constantly renewing blood components, skeletal muscles and skin. We can regenerate liver tissue and repair minor injuries to bone, muscle, the tips of our toes and fingers, and the corneas of our eyes. Finding out more about the remarkable ability of amphibians and fish to re-grow complex parts might pro...

Highly concentrated botulinum preparation for cosmetic injections can result in severe illness

...ber of functions, including movement of the facial muscles and swallowing), with two patients experiencing shortness of breath. The researchers report the patients may have received doses 2,857 times the estimated human lethal dose by injection. Pretreatment serum toxin levels in 3 of the 4 case-patients ...

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