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Tag: "motion" at biology news

Cellular message movement captured on video

...ges of a bovine aortic endothelial cell reveal the motion toward the cell's nucleus of a message-carrying protein called paxillin (orange) in tandem with actin filaments (green). Credit: UC San Diego Scientists have captured on video the intracellular version of a postal delivery service. Reporting in the ...

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

...antibiotic, interferes with the normal function of motion sensitive "hair cells," the receptor cells of the lateral line. At high doses it has been known to cause hearing and equilibrium problems in humans, senses that are also based on hair cells. Sharks with their lateral lines intact demonstrated a p...

Study offers clues to 'Broken Heart Syndrome'

...ization showed characteristic abnormalities in the motion of the heart. One patient died of acute heart failure. The good news is that most patients who survived the first 48 hours had a steady recovery. Thirty one, or 78 percent, of patients had follow-up echocardiography within a few weeks. Heart func...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...understanding vocal fatigue in terms of repetitive motion (voice on/off) and collision (vibration) of tissue, as well as how the voice can recover from physical stress (5aSC12). DETECTING BREAST LESIONS WITH VIBRO-ACOUSTOGRAPHY Vibro-acoustography (VA) is a non-invasive imaging technique using ultra...

Researchers develop way to calculate speed of bacterial sex

...times associated with conjugations, bacterial cell motion and transport in ground water, and the colonization of soil surfaces by bacterial cells. Using a previously established conceptual framework of conjugation processes in an isolated environment, researchers created a new mathematical model of bacte...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...When it comes to molecules, however, sometimes the motion is exactly what scientists want to see - for example, to understand the pathological protein mis-folding and assembly that seem to underlie a host of human disorders, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Now, chemists at the University of...

Red flag for repetitive stress injuries identified for first time in humans

...ntly, healthcare providers can diagnose repetitive motion injuries (RMI) based only on physical examination findings and the symptoms reported by the patient. Typically, RMI sufferers don't experience symptoms of pain until the damage has begun. So the researchers' main goal has been finding a means to d...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

...ffer in length by minuscule amounts and are set in motion by specific frequencies of sound. We hear this sound because this motion induces the hair cell to release an electrical impulse which passes along the auditory nerve to the ...

'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type

..." Skeletal muscle converts chemical energy into motion and force, ranging from rapid and sudden bursts of intense activity to continuous low-intensity work, the researchers said. At one functional extreme, muscles such as the soleus--a broad, flat muscle found in the calf of the leg--perform slow but ste...

Enhancing activity of marijuana-like chemicals in brain helps treat

...hat the neurons Kreitzer identified as inhibiting motion had a type of dopamine receptor on them that the other cells didn't. The researchers tested a drug called quinpirole, which mimics dopamine, in mice with a condition similar to human Parkinson's disease, resulting in a small improvement in the mic...

Robotic therapy helps restore hand use after stroke

...ients also developed a 17 percent greater range of motion in their hands and wrists and were rated as less disabled on a standard occupational therapy assessment tool called the Fugl-Meyer score. __IMAGE_3 "Assessing changes in before-and-after scores within each subject, these were highly significant ...

Ancient amphibians evolved a bite before migrating to dry land

...Earth and Planetary Sciences. "A biting or chewing motion would result in a faint pushing together of the frontal bones in the skull, while a sucking motion would pull those bones ever so slightly apart. By comparing the skull roofs of living fish to those ...

Homing pigeons get their bearings from their beaks

...irds sense the magnetic field independent of their motion and posture and thus can identify their geographical position. The researchers further believe that this ability is not unique to homing pigeons as they expect that the ‘pigeon-type receptor system ?might turn out to be a universal feature of all ...

Researchers develop technique for bacteria crowd control

...tion on the properties of collective and organized motion in the systems of interacting self-moving objects. Besides swimming bacteria, other examples include bird flocks, fish schools, motor proteins in living cell, and even swarms of communicating nano-robots. "We have presented experimental studies ...

The connector rotation hypothesis? Phage do not pack their DNA by rotation

...luorescent dye molecules so they could observe its motion using single-molecule fluorescence polarization spectroscopy. The researchers then looked at connector movement during DNA packaging in six ö29 mutants. After attaching the fluorescent molecules to the connector complex, they set the mutants to wo...

Meeting the ethanol challenge: Scientists use supercomputer to target cellulose bottleneck

...nth of a second) in order to capture enough of the motion and shape changes of the enzyme as it interacted with the cellulose surface. This is an extremely long time in molecular terms, and the computation-hungry simulations ran for some 80,000 processor-hours running on SDSC's DataStar supercomputer. ...

Thinking with the spinal cord?

...ew research shows that even if we repeat a certain motion with high accuracy, the involved nerve cells never repeat their activity patterns. This particular observation reflects the organisation of the nerve cells of the cerebral cortex. ...

Swimming 'to the left' gets bacteria upstream, and may promote infection

...ace, opposing forces of flow and bacterial forward motion cause the bacteria to continuously swim to one side ?to the left." The study determined that swimming "to the left" is a hydrodynamic process that is fundamentally related to the way the cells propel themselves in this manner. Köser and his colle...

Molecular atlas provides new tool for understanding estrogen-fueled breast cancer

...e receptor snares an estrogen molecule, it sets in motion a cascade of activity among genes involved in cell growth and division. In many breast tumors, cells have an unusually large number of ERs, so they proliferate rapidly in the presence of estrogen. Drugs that block the ER, such as tamoxifen and fulves...

Fruit fly study identifies gene mutation that regulates sensitivity to alcohol

...vaporized alcohol and monitored their behavior and motion patterns with sensitive tracking instruments. They isolated the flies that were less sensitive to alcohol's sedative effects. By breeding subsequent populations of mutant flies, the scientists identified the particular genetic mutation. The resea...

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