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Tag: "most" at biology news

Exploring the dark matter of the genome

...ncated copies of genes which have become inactive, most likely because they have been duplicated or code f...m. Drosophila has very few pseudogenes compared to most complex organisms (humans have some 20,000), but the annotators found 32 new ones in the heterochrom...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...ysteine, an amino acid that is a building block to most proteins, yielded the most extensive and prolonged aggregation, with some blobs measuring ten microns in diameter. Their dis...

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers develop 'off-the-shelf' vascular grafts

...ein taken from a patient’s leg continues to be the most commonly used graft for coronary artery bypass grafting even though a significant percentage of vein grafts eventually fail. Arterial grafts are the preferred conduits because they are less prone to becoming obstructed. However, they are in very limi...

Warning from Asian bees

...od we eat relates back to bee pollinated crops, so most of the benefits of honeybees actually come from pollinations. “About 90 fruit and vegetable crops, including melons, pumpkins, and even cotton are more productive with their help. “And almond crops rely entirely on honeybees for pollination and...

Staphylococcus aureus hides out in cells

...nergy production functions, then resumed. Although most of the bacteria had died by about four days as a result of antibiotic treatment, the team still found viable bacteria in their model system two weeks after infection. The findings may help in understanding persistent infections, and in designing ...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...a period of about 24 hours and regulate timing for most physiological functions and behaviors such as slee... Genes are expressed at very different levels, but most of them have the same relative change throughout the day. However, some genes show significant chang...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...rtant to both. Remarkably, L. braziliensis, the most ancient Leishmania species sequenced, contains genes that could provide a working pathway for RNAi, an emerging mechanism for gene regulation. The genome sequences show that components for this pathway are absent from the other two Leishmania species...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

... Boston marathon runners suffered from EAH, though most cases are mild enough so that they are not noticed..., such as 8 ounces of water eight times a day. But most people don’t really need that much.” Verbalis points out that EAH predominantly afflicts exerci...

Gene responsible for common hearing loss identified for first time

A gene responsible for the single most common cause of hearing loss among white adults, otosclerosis, has been identified for the first time, a scientist told the annual conference of the European Society of Human Genetics in Nice, France. Ms Melissa Thys, from the Department of Medical G...

The kapok connection -- Study explains rainforest similarities

...research provides vital information for one of the most highly threatened areas of the planet, tropical rainforests," said Sam Scheiner, program director in NSF's Division of Environmental Biology, which funded the research. "In order to plan for and mitigate global climate change, we need to understand t...

Mutating the entire genome

...the proteins used to make body parts and carry out most functions in living organisms. Genes typically have 50,000 base pairs but can range in size from a few thousand to 300,000 base pairs, Capecchi says. The genes include only about 2.5 percent to 3 percent of human DNA. In between the genes are vas...

Potato wart eyed as risk to potato production

...ytrium endobioticum, which is considered to be the most important worldwide quarantine plant pathogen of potato. While not harmful to humans, the disease causes unsightly growths that initially appear white, and then turn brown or black as they decay, rendering the potato tuber unrecognizable and inedible...

UCF nanoparticle offers promise for treating glaucoma

...sive than some of the complex polymers now used in most eye drops. Seal and his team created a specialized cerium oxide nanoparticle and bound it with a compound that has been shown to block the activity of an enzyme (hCAII) believed to play a central role in causing glaucoma. The disease involves ...

Researchers demonstrate way to control tree height

...he lack of research into gene transfer methods for most ornamental and forest trees. However, usable methods are already available for sweet gum, elm, black locust and pines. The current successful modification with poplar could be just “the tip of the iceberg,” the researchers said in their report. Dw...

Researchers discover 'acquired' DNA key to certain bacterial infection

...early in the process. “We still don’t know what most of the individual genes do,” he said, “and none of the DNA sequences match those in known databases.” The researchers did discover that one of the genes provides coding for a protein that targets action in the host cell, which may help the bacteri...

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

.... The study also included 119 additional species, most of which are mammals ranging in size from mouse to elephant, that habitually move in diverse ways in varied environments. The project is the first large-scale study to document the relationship of the dimensions of the semicircular canals to locom...

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

...e time of infection. After the infection subsides, most of the lymphocytes die but some remain in the body as “memory lymphocytes” and protect the body from recurrence of the disease. Similarly, vaccines induce the production of memory lymphocytes, but without causing disease. While scientists have lon...

Human genetic 'deserts' are teeming with significant life

...man genome the consortium members hope to find the most effective ways of analysing it in its entirety. Although the finished sequence of the human genome announced in 2003 was a great achievement, it left a number of questions unanswered. Before the information contained in the sequence can be used ...

CU study reveals why starling females cheat

... While females often leave the group when young, most males live their entire lives with their families ...ts for females in seeking extra-pair mates. "In most avian cooperative breeders, 40 to 60 percent of offspring are a result of extra-pair matings, but in...

Surprising origin of cell's internal highways

... origination point for microtubule "nucleation" in most cells. Until now. "I've seen that there are lots of microtubules not attached to the centrosome," said Kaverina, assistant professor of Cell and Developmental Biology and senior author on the paper. "So I am trying to look at their origins." ...

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