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Tag: "most" at biology news

Prenatal Stress Keeps Infants, Toddlers up at Night, Study Says

...ue for babies. For them, sleep ranks as one of the most highly regarded indexes of healthy development, and plays a critical role in consolidating memory and facilitating learning, regulating metabolism and appetite, promoting good moods and sustaining both cardiovascular health and a vigorous immune func...

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...nge with temperature, but the “fluid” phase is the most biologically relevant. Using X-ray diffuse scattering, the team quantified structural properties of different lipid bilayers seeded with FP-23 peptides. The lipid bilayers varied in their thicknesses, which affects the stiffness of cell membranes. T...

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...sh us toward more personalised medicine, where the most suitable drugs for each individual would be determined on the basis of their gene characteristics....

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

...ly abnormal in cancer cells. "P53 is one of the most commonly mutated genes in human cancers," says Mendell. "And there is now a great deal of evidence that microRNAs themselves can act to either promote cancer or to stop cancer spread." To test their idea, the team first chemically damaged the DNA ...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...tream have been developed in this system. However, most cucurbits are day-neutral plants, and to investiga...tion stream. This research provides some of the most solid evidence to date that FT protein acts as a florigenic signal. ...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...ed virus. Chien and Hu obtained cells for their most recent study from the inner membranous lining of a cow aorta. They added genetically engineered proteins tagged with red and green fluorescence markers to the bovine aortic endothelial cells, grew them in tissue culture, and filmed them while they pa...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), one of the most common forms of the disease. The study shows tha...dentifying problem genes," he says. CLL is the most common form of adult leukemia, with 15,300 new cases and 4,500 deaths from the disease expected this...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

... will die from it. Alcohol and tobacco use are the most important risk factors for head and neck cancers, with tobacco use accounting for 85 percent of the cases. Just last month, other NIH-supported doctors reported that sexual transmission of human papillomavirus is strongly associated with throat cance...

Liver cancer patients with high serum levels of hepatitis B virus face poorer outcomes

...oma (HCC) occur in individuals with the virus. For most patients whose cancer is inoperable, chemotherapy is one of the main treatment options, and still the prognosis is dismal. Survival is often measured in months. Researchers, led by Winnie Yeo of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, examined the si...

Researchers find 24 species believed new to science in Suriname rainforest

...l ecosystem. “Suriname has some of the Amazon’s most pristine and intact rainforest, which offers huge ...elopment in Suriname while protecting the nation’s most valuable natural assets.” The RAP survey, from Oct. 25-Nov. 6 in 2005, included 13 scientists fro...

Old memory traces in brain may trigger chronic pain

... now may be relieving what has clinically been the most difficult to treat—the suffering or the emotional component of pain.” Scientists have always tried to understand pain from the viewpoint of sensation, Apkarian said. “To control it, they tried to stop the sensory input to the brain. ”We are sayi...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...of various scenarios to test which hypotheses were most feasible. Their work relied on detailed crystallographic studies of the molecules provided by University of Virginia researcher Michael C. Wiener. “The good thing about simulations is that you can monitor the position of every atom,” Tajkhorshid s...

The insect vector always bites twice

...ch are passed on to humans by an arthropod vector, most often a dipteran insect. This becomes infected whe...reproduce and proliferate in the vector’s body. In most cases, the parasite moves back into the vector’s salivary glands in order to be transmitted to the h...

A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications

The growth of most plants depends on the presence of sufficient amounts of nitrogen contained in the soil. However, a family of plants, the legumes, is partially free of this constraint thanks to its ability to live in association with soil bacteria of the Rhizobium, g...

Research team identifies new Alzheimer's gene

...iewed journal, Neuron. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of disabling memory and thinking probl...s disease, even before it strikes” To date, the most significant gene found to predispose an individual to late onset Alzheimer’s (LOAD) has been APOE4. ...

Dirty snow may warm Arctic as much as greenhouse gases

...emperature increase and are considered the Earth’s most important overall climate changing mechanism. Other human influences on Arctic climate change are particles in the atmosphere, including soot; clouds; and land use. Humans create the majority of airborne soot through industry and fuel combustion, ...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...ay they are moving closer to understanding why the most lethal form of human malaria has become resistant ...alciparum (P. falciparum), has become resistant to most of the drugs that could once destroy it. They have already described and expressed two other genes k...

Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study

...ee to four months. To be able to renew itself, most tissues have a reservoir of specific adult stem cells. These stem cells don’t divide as frequently as other cell types since they need to maintain the integrity of their DNA, and multiple divisions lead to natural breaks in DNA. But when these stem c...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...ine in overall symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The most common explanation for the observations is an overuse of agrichemicals applied to legume crops. That practice sets up "a vicious cycle," Fox said, because it reduces a legume crop's natural need for nitrogen fixation but leaves a shortage of natural ...

Study shows big power of small RNAs, not just proteins, in halting cancer

...roliferation potential of p53. Expression of most miRNAs is reduced in tumors, suggesting that some miRNAs act to prevent tumor formation. By comparing levels of miRNAs in cells with a variety of pre-cancerous genetic lesions, CSHL researchers found a connection between changes in the p53 pathway a...

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