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Tag: "mortality" at biology news

Hantavirus found in African wood mouse

...e, and the yellow-necked mouse. If left untreated, mortality can be as high as 15 percent. Hantavirus was not seen in the Americas until 1993, when it killed approximately 20 people in the western United States. The American virus causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: fever, chills, and severe muscle pain, fo...

Extinctions linked to climate change

...ian embryos to UV-B radiation in sunlight, and egg mortality in the western toad that approached 100 percent in some years, due to an opportunistic disease. In the current Nature article, researchers pointed to more examples. "The climate change in the Arctic and sub-Arctic has modified the life cycle of the...

Exposure to volcanic mineral associated with increased mesothelioma incidence in Turkey

...n people born outside of the control village. The mortality data were analyzed jointly with Philippe Grandjean, M.D., Ph.D., of the Harvard School of Public Health. When standardized to the world population, the annual incidence of pleural mesothelioma in the two exposed villages was 200 and 700 cases per 100...

Scientists re-engineer a well-known antibiotic to counter drug resistance

...e length of hospital stays, but they raise patient mortality rates as well. Our successful synthesis of a novel vancomycin analogue with a molecular structure that restores much of the drug's binding ability could potentially lead to the development of a new generation of antibiotics that could prove far more ...

Man-made heart tissue improves cardiac performance

...ndividuals globally and contributing to increasing mortality rates, there has been a need to develop new treatment options. One of the specific challenges in the field of tissue engineering is to produce blood vessels within heart muscle tissue. In this study, the researchers were successful in this task. Th...

Researches discover gene critical for protection against septic-shock-induced death

... the absence of Nrf2 caused a dramatic increase in mortality due to septic shock in mice. The study's findings, which will be published in the April 2006 issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, may hold potential for the treatment of life-threatening sepsis. Sepsis is a complex disease characterized b...

Even fish don't swim well when they're young!

...history stage. In marine fish more than 99% of the mortality occurs in the larval stage so anything that might ...l fins and swimbladders can be used to reduce fish mortality rates. "Fish breeding programs cannot offer their larvae swimming lessons, but once we understand wh...

Stanford snake venom study shows that certain cells may eliminate poison

...s to enhance resistance to the toxicity and reduce mortality induced by the venom," said Galli, the paper's sen...ncluding Metz, showing that mast cells reduced the mortality rate of mice suffering from bacterial peritonitis, a severe bacterial infection in the abdominal cav...

New tool tracks brain development in babies

...oxic ischemia remains an important cause of infant mortality and morbidity, with an incidence of between one and two per 1,000 live births in the United States. ...

Montreal researchers identify defects of immune cells

...ry infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in people infected by HIV/AIDS. Fungal infection due to candidiasis is one of these debilitating conditions," said Dr. Bhagirath Singh, Scientific Director of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Institute of Infection and Immunity. "Thi...

The structure of a virus infecting bacteria resembles a human virus

...ren. Diarrhoea is one of the main causes of infant mortality in developing countries. By studying the viruses in bacteria, researchers can determine various characteristics about the life cycle of viruses that are much harder to study using dangerous human viruses. The newly described structure of the bacteri...

High-dose flu vaccines appear to safely boost immunity in elderly

...ed vaccines are needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza in these vulnerable populations," they write. "Increasing the dose of inactivated influenza vaccine consistently and safely increases the immunogenicity [immune response] of inactivated influenza virus vaccines; moreover, v...

Five surprising facts about starvation that could change the international agenda

...and Webb analyzed countries with the highest child mortality rates and child wasting rates. Based on their assessment of the data, the authors present five surprising facts about severe children malnutrition and argue that such conditions must be resolved in non-emergency settings to prevent future public heal...

Failure of 'scout cells' may lead to cancer in transplant patients

...ansplantation, and it can have a 70- to 80-percent mortality rate. The study by VanBuskirk and her colleagues examines two types of immune cells: cells that act as scouts scientists call them antigen-presenting cells and memory T cells. Scout cells detect the presence of viruses and other invaders and al...

Tyrannosaur survivorship -- tough times for teens

...oyed a low death rate until the teenage years when mortality increased. In 1910, a collecting party from the ...to that seen in living large mammals. High newborn mortality rates due to predation alone subside once a threshold size is reached and it appears that such a thr...

Gorilla susceptibility to Ebola virus: the cost of sociality

...mals previously observed to estimate Ebola-induced mortality and to test the validity of different possible con...rly important within groups and led to a very high mortality rate--97% of group-dwelling individuals. In contrast to the hypothesis expressed above, evidence sug...

Major initiative proposed to address amphibian crisis

...ed global warming ultimately to a catastrophic egg mortality in the western toad of the Pacific Northwest Cascade Range. Work is continuing at OSU today on contaminants and the effects of UVB solar radiation that may amplify the impacts of the fungus which causes chytridiomycosis. Amphibian declines have...

Higher levels of obesity associated with greater health risks

...nicity." "There was a positive trend in all-cause mortality risk and CHD incidence with increasing weight cate...ry. This trend had borderline significance for CHD mortality among black women, likely reflecting sample size limitations. Much of the obesity-related mortality ...

Evolutionary forces explain why women live longer than men

... from our deep evolutionary history." This skewed mortality isn't even unique to our species; the men come up ...mple, in common chimps, the greatest difference in mortality rates for males and females occurs at about 13 years of age, when the males are just entering the br...

Healing the heart with bone marrow cells

...ovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in Canada and the western world," said Dr. Ren-Ke Li, scientist at the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Professor of Cardiovascular Surgery at the University of Toronto. "Each year, 70,000 Canadians suffer from a heart attack and many of t...

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