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Tag: "mortality" at biology news

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...-induced effects on plants and animals? Increased mortality of coniferous plants, soil invertebrates and mammals and reproductive losses in plants and animals were seen in high exposure areas up to a distance of 20-30 kilometers. Outside that zone, no acute radiation-induced effects have been reported. With r...

Fresh water affected by salt from deicing roads

... concentrations were already high enough to induce mortality in aquatic animals and alter wetland plant composition. During the winter months chloride in urbanized areas can increase in waterways to as high as 5 g/l which is equivalent to 25% of seawater concentrations. Dr. Kaushal of the University ...

Researchers identify molecular anchor that allows bacterial invasion of central nervous system

...nteractions with the blood-brain barrier, reducing mortality rates up to 90 percent in mice. "Mice that were infected with the normal, or wild-type, Streptococcus bacteria containing iagA died within days showing evidence of bacterial meningitis. In contrast, most of the mice survived when infected with bac...

Oil spills and climate change double the mortality rate of British seabirds

...or the first time that major oil spills double the mortality rate of adult guillemots in Britain, even though t... warmer climate in the North Atlantic and a higher mortality rate among British guillemots. Professor Birkhead's long-term guillemot study has been carried o...

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

... threats in Trinidad. Individuals facing different mortality threats should evolve different adaptations in their life histories, such as age at first reproduction, investment in reproduction, and patterns of senescence, including declines in reproduction. Since guppies are livebearers that provide no postnata...

Johns Hopkins flu expert calls for mandatory vaccination of health care workers

...g patients from influenza exposure and the related mortality seen among vulnerable populations. Vaccination should be presented as such to both health care workers and every hospital's leadership." Perl notes that even without mandatory vaccination policies, other potential barriers to widespread vaccination ...

Common alternative treatment for liver disease is found to be ineffective

...reatment. No significant effects were observed on mortality or complication of the disease. Further, milk thistle was not associated with any significant risk of adverse events. "It would be logical to stop the use of milk thistle products, not to reimburse any use, to stop the information that milk thistle...

Access to existing medical treatments could save more lives than spending to improve the treatments

...es a year. If a drug is available that reduces the mortality rate from that disease by 20 percent, it has the p...ent of eligible patients -- the drug's lowering of mortality would have to be increased from 20 percent to 33 percent. Woolf calls this the "break-even point" an...

Birth defects: 8 million annually worldwide

...ct them to increase as added information on infant mortality and disability is assembled," Prof. Modell says. ...ence from high-income countries shows that overall mortality and disability from birth defects could be reduced by up to 70 percent if the recommendations in thi...

MRSA use amoeba to spread, new research shows

...by MRSA rose 5 per cent between 2003 and 2004, and mortality rates increased 15-fold between 1993 and 2002. ...

Plants give pests sock in the gut

...ow dose of Mir1-CP was able to achieve a very high mortality rate in the insects, as well as an extremely low growth rate. "In the long run, the enzyme degrades the insect's peritrophic matrix and retards the caterpillar's ability to generate a new one," says Luthe. The research has potential global implica...

Low-cost drug gaining favor for use in HIV-infected children in poor countries

...ed the review of the drug and found "a significant mortality benefit." Grimwade's review appears in the most recent issue of The Cochrane Library, a publication of The Cochrane Collaboration, an international organization that evaluates medical research. Systematic reviews draw evidence-based conclusions abo...

New drug could reduce tissue damage after heart attack

...t of damage in the heart, thus limiting both early mortality and the size of the scar left in the heart. "Provided adequate support is available, it should be possible to undertake clinical trials of CRP inhibition within a couple of years. If the treatment proves safe and effective, we also aim to investiga...

Cure for cancer worth $50 trillion

...ave a significant impact ?a 1 percent reduction in mortality from cancer has a value to Americans of nearly $50...l values resulting from the permanent reduction in mortality in several major diseases ?including heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Overall, reductions in mor...

Evidence for omega 3 fats less conclusive than we thought, say experts

...evidence that omega 3 fats have an effect on total mortality or combined cardiovascular events. The few studies...but they also showed no effect of omega 3 on total mortality or cardiovascular events. When data on long chain omega 3 fats were analysed separately, total mort...

World faces challenge as life expectancies lengthen, scientist says

...asses, countries that will get locked into today's mortality conditions," Tuljapurkar said. As the gap widens and rich countries continue to invest in anti-aging technologies, the developed world may become increasingly less willing to disseminate the technology to other nations, he said: "If that happens, you...

For one Stanford doctor, the beat goes on during open-heart surgery

...ypass as men," Ihnken said. "Women have double the mortality rates following bypass." Besides his own positive experiences with the technique, Ihnken points to a recent report in the new journal Innovations, which presents an analysis by an international group of doctors of more than 150 previous studies of t...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...uller-Landau and colleagues show that tree growth, mortality and abundance in fourteen tropical forests deviate...o Island. Tree abundance, distribution, growth and mortality data from repeated five-year censuses of this site proved so useful to ecologists and foresters alik...

Spousal illness can trigger partner death

...ed at the effect of the death of one spouse on the mortality of the other, known as the "widower effect." By co...w age, race, and the level of poverty modified the mortality risk of a having a sick spouse. For women, the effect of a husband's hospitalization increased with ...

Curry and cauliflower could halt prostate cancer

...n new cases appearing each year. The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer have not decreased in past decades despite tremendous efforts and resources devoted to treatment. This is because advanced prostate cancer cells are barely responsive even to high concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents or radiot...

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