Toxoplasmosis infection trick revealed by scientists
... host cell sugars. This means that the team have a more detailed picture than ever before of exactly how the parasite recognises and attacks host cells in the body. Professor Steve Matthews from Imperial College London’s Division of Molecular Biosciences, one of the paper’s authors, explains the signi...Percutaneous aortic valve replacement safe, successful in high-risk patients
...urvivors showed that the average aortic valve area more than doubled, on average, following the procedure. In addition, the severity of heart failure significantly improved, as gauged by both B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-BNP), a protein produced by the ventricles of the heart during heart failure, and N...'Short-circuit' found in ocean circulation
...rs that sink to the abyss to return to the surface more rapidly than previously thought. This affects ...uit' in the overturning circulation, meaning it is more concentrated in this part of the Southern Ocean. The researchers made use of a unique signal - t...Researchers publish first marsupial genome sequence
... genome will give researchers the ability to learn more about the molecular basis of melanoma and its progression, as well as explore development of new therapies and preventive treatments. The opossum genome sequence also provides researchers with a fresh perspective on the evolutionary origins of th...Study shows continued success for new HPV vaccine against virus responsible for cervical cancer
... of all cases of genital warts. Researchers at more than a dozen international medical centers evaluat...alent vaccine targeting HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18 in more than 12,000 women ages 15 to 26 in 13 countries for nearly three years. They found a near 100 perc...Tissue engineered scaffolding allows reproduction of cartilage tissue
...ice as the study found these scaffolds to be a far more effective means of regenerating cartilage than traditional therapy. The shrinkage of cartilage that occurs frequently in other tissue engineering methods, and often renders the replacement tissue wrongly-sized for implantation, did not occur in the s...Dealing deadly cancers a knockout punch
...nation of reovirus and cisplatin was significantly more effective than cisplatin or reovirus alone at killing melanoma cancer cells in a mouse model. The investigators intend to explore the mechanism of this promising synergistic action in further detail in future preclinical work. Another presentatio...Study offers clues to 'Broken Heart Syndrome'
...management should include," he said. "As we gather more information on these patients, we can start to und...who is affected by Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, offer more focused long-term care, and make predictions about their outcomes." ...HIV survival improves if patients stay in care
...he rest of their lives, which may be 20, 30, 40 or more years." Giordano's study, carried out in the Ve...nd his colleagues looked at 2,619 men with HIV for more than four years. Most were diagnosed between 1997-1998 at a VA hospital or clinic and began treatmen...High-dose anticlotting drug cuts heart attack, death risk in half
... a meta-analysis of data from 10 studies involving more than 1,500 patients. Roughly half of the patients were pretreated with 300 mg of clopidogrel and the other half with 600 mg. A few received either 450 mg or 900 mg of clopidogrel. Overall, pretreatment with high-dose clopidogrel (600 mg or more) ...... don’t get infected with HEV until they are older, more pigs will still be carrying the virus when they re...y practices and avoiding eating raw liver might be more cost-effective measures should HEV’s hold on pig farms weaken....New host species for avian influenza identified
... An eight-year surveillance study, which included more than 36,000 wild migratory birds tested for low pathogenic avian influenza, details new data on host species, prevalence, and temporal and geographical variation of avian influenza in wild migratory birds in Europe. Seven previously unknown host spec...DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis
With the advent of more powerful and economical DNA sequencing technologie...ongs to which organism. In metagenomes, it's much more challenging, because you have sequences from many different organisms all mixed up, and moreover, yo...Researchers attach genes to minichromosomes in maize
.... Genetic modification with traditional methods is more complicated because scientists have little control...nichromosomes in other plant varieties and produce more resistant plant strains, develop more medically useful proteins and metabolites, and study how chrom...Parasites' impact goes beyond host to affect ecosystem
...e University of New Hampshire, that you might have more to eat if plenty of your neighbors are infected. The research, published in this week’s Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition ( http://www.pnas.org/papbyrecent.shtml ), suggests that parasites can not only substantially affec...DNA-damage test could aid drug development
...er in the drug development process, making it much more efficient. Like the current FDA-approved test, th...d the cells cultured from that bone marrow, proved more sensitive to the toxic agents than were the cultured cells from normal mice, further confirming the ...100 percent of pregnant women have at least one kind of pesticide in their placenta
Human beings are directly responsible for more than 110,000 chemical substances which have been g...the Industrial Revolution. Every year, we "invent" more than 2,000 new substances, most of them contaminants, which are emitted into the environment and whi...Asexual worm quickly adapts to soil contamination
...e worms from contaminated soil live longer and lay more eggs under polluted conditions than the worms from...on. In the contaminated culturing medium they laid more eggs and lived for longer than the nematodes from the clean soil. Asexual The rapid adaptati...Sleepless for science: Flies show link between sleep, immune system in Stanford study
Go a few nights without enough sleep and you're more likely to get sick, but scientists have no real ex...ick flies can't sleep, and losing sleep makes them more susceptible to infection. "When flies get sick, they stop sleeping," said David Schneider, PhD, a......low-level aggression between female chimpanzees is more commonly seen, the observed instances of infanticide indicate that deadly aggression is not a gender-specific trait in this species. ...