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Tag: "molecular" at biology news

Medical molecules designed to respond to visible light that can penetrate tissue

...working with Theralase Technologies Inc. to design molecular systems that use light that is in the therapeutic ...ve an oral presentation on designing photochemical molecular devices and applications in photodynamic therapy and in solar energy conversion. Because of the deta...

Researchers uncover sequence of major rice pathogen

...d the principal model organism for elucidating the molecular basis of fungal disease of plants. Here, we report the draft sequence of the M. grisea genome. Analysis of the gene set provides an insight into the adaptations required by a fungus to cause disease. The genome encodes a large and diverse set of secr...

Researchers make gains in understanding antibiotic resistance

...large subunit of the ribosome. The ribosome is the molecular machine responsible for translating the genetic information on messenger RNA into the long strings of amino acids called polypeptides that are used to build the cell's enzymatic machinery. "These antibiotics are clinically very important, and resist...

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...ironment," said Cheryl Walker, Ph.D., professor of molecular carcinogenesis at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and lead author on the study. "We are just beginning to realize that exposures received decades earlier, during critical developmental stages, may be much more important in determining who develops ca...

Disease diagnosis, biodefense among UH chemical research projects

...nance Raman spectroscopic techniques as a probe of molecular structure. # Yuriy Fofanov, assistant professor o...g and growth-testing methods are being replaced by molecular biology-based methods as genome sequencing advances. This work presents novel DNA-sequence-based met...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

... sleep," said Dr. Masashi Yanagisawa, professor of molecular genetics at UT Southwestern and senior author of the study. "Eventually my dream is to elucidate all the pathways regulating sleep." Dr. Yanagisawa and his colleagues focused on neurons in the brain that produce the protein orexin, which helps keep ...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

...successfully applying genetic nanotechnology using molecular sensors to view changes in brain chemical levels. The sensors alter their 3-dimensional form upon binding with the chemical, which is then visible via a process known as fluorescence resonance energy transfer, or FRET. In a new study, the nanosensors...

Two are better than one

...ors, resulting in the assembly of a large, springy molecular scaffolding between the receptor towers. The interlocking system grips and pulls the receptors towards each other until they collapse inward like overloaded laundry lines. The stressed receptors become engulfed by the cell, and thus cease signaling. ...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

...or," said David Salt, associate professor of plant molecular physiology in Purdue's horticulture department. "But we have no way to know what that gene is, so we need to deconstruct the process, starting with things we can measure, which are these visible traits, and then we work backwards." A question that h...

Technique may allow cancer patients to freeze eggs, preserving fertility before starting treatment

...ofessor of obstetrics and gynecology, urology, and molecular and integrative physiology at the U-M Medical School, and director of the Fertility Counseling and Gamete Cryopreservation Program at the U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center. Smith will present results of his research on Sunday, May 29, at the World Con...

PET/CT can identify new cancer lesions at early stage, allowing for prompt treatment

...medical imaging modality that noninvasively traces molecular and physiologic processes in the body. Currently, the most common use of PET is for whole-body oncologic imaging for diagnosis, staging, restaging and measuring early therapy responses. CT is an X-ray test that generates a detailed view of the anatom...

Leprosy microbes lead scientists to immune discovery

...nd the world. Programs and projects range from the molecular biology of AIDS vaccines to the epidemiology of cancer; from risk analysis to violence prevention; from maternal and children's health to quality of care measurement; from health care management to international health and human rights. ...

Researchers unlock mechanism creating jigsaw puzzle-like plant cells

...versity of California, Riverside have unlocked the molecular give and take that allows cells in thin structures...as GTPases (guanosine triphosphatases) that act as molecular switches, which regulate how plant cells grow into interlocking patterns resembling jigsaw puzzle pi...

A puzzle piece found in unraveling the wiring of the brain

... such specific defects," said Bellen, professor of molecular and human genetics at BCM. "The cell biological basis of brain wiring is largely unknown. We are happy to have a new handle on an old problem." Using sophisticated genetics applied to the brain of the fruit fly, Drs. Sunil Mehta and Hiesinger found ...

New tumor-suppressor gene discovered

... associate professor of biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Lai has named the new gene "mats," an ab...e of DNA that had somehow become inserted into the molecular sequence of the gene. This mutation was a type of "transposable element" known to be able to jump to...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...in such weak links in DNA and begins to reveal the molecular characteristics of these links that might help to explain them. The findings, published in the March 11, 2005, issue of Cell, suggest that yeast may offer a useful model system for studying the fundamental properties of so-called DNA fragile sites, ...

Decoding the logic of olfaction

...but it seems as if it has something to do with the molecular features of the odorant." The researchers also found, however, that only a small fraction of neurons from the olfactory cortex that receive input from a single type of receptor were activated by concentrations of odorants normally found in the envir...

Genpathway and Baylor College of Medicine Identify New Genes in Breast Cancer

...but it seems as if it has something to do with the molecular features of the odorant." The researchers also found, however, that only a small fraction of neurons from the olfactory cortex that receive input from a single type of receptor were activated by concentrations of odorants normally found in the envir...

Novel gene-silencing nanoparticles shown to inhibit Ewing's sarcoma

... will combine the novel delivery system with small molecular anti-tumor agents, with hopes of creating a new and effective way to treat Ewing's sarcoma and other tumors in the clinic. "Clinically, Ewing's patients are treated with combination of chemotherapeutic agents, but despite aggressive treatments, the ...

Protein helps regulate the genes of embryonic stem cells

... histone proteins that group together to provide a molecular scaffold supporting the roughly 35,000 genes in the nucleus of every human cell. Histone modifications affect gene activity and include methylation, in which a methyl component is attached to the histone protein. The prevailing model is that methyla...

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