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Tag: "models" at biology news

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...model is part of a new trend to use fruit flies as models to study complex behaviors, including sleep and responses to painful stimuli, Tompkins said. "Drosophila have marvelous advantages in terms of genetic tricks," she said, "and flies in many respects behave and respond similarly to humans." The find...

Soil nutrition affects carbon sequestration in forests

...diverse forests bodes well for developing accurate models to predict the ability of the world's forests to sequester carbon. "Forests play a critical part in sequestering carbon, and may play a role in mitigating the elevated levels of carbon dioxide associated with climate change," says Johnsen. "To pre...

Experimental cancer drugs counter muscle deterioration seen in muscular dystrophy

...progression of the disease, in two different mouse models of muscular dystrophy. Led by Burnham Institute assistant professor Lorenzo Puri, M.D., Ph.D., in collaboration with the Dulbecco Telethon Institute (DTI) of Rome and other colleagues in Italy and at the National Institutes of Health, the study was m...

World's smallest cancer detection device

...tions in the tumor microenvironment of live animal models of breast cancer. By placing an artificial blood vessel near tumors, he was able to collect motile cancer cells for study and to predict--by the presence or absence of certain signaling molecules--whether the tumor cells have the potential to metasta...

A natural chemical found in strawberries boosts memory in healthy mice

... their neuroprotective abilities in tissue culture models of neurodegenerative disease. Maher found that some of those compounds, including fisetin, induced differentiation or maturation of neural cells. Maher explains, "That suggested to us that these compounds might be particularly beneficial, since th...

Uniform tungsten trimers stand and deliver

...atalyst that would be used in an application. Such models reveal to chemists the exact structure and reaction mechanisms of metal oxides. Developed by researchers from the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the University of Texas-Austin and Washington State University, the disco...

How ants find their way

...isuo-motor behaviour and allow the construction of models of memory retrieval. Professor Julia Goodfellow, Chief Executive of BBSRC, said: "Cognitive systems research gives us the opportunity to learn more about the ways that animals, including humans, process information to learn, reason, make decisions ...

Brain protein improves stroke symptoms in rats, even when injected after 3 days

... universities of Heidelberg and Erlangen, used rat models of two different types of stroke to assess the effect of an injection of G-CSF on recovery. The first model was used to assess the impact of G-CSF on the size of the brain area affected by the stroke, which is identified by the presence of dead n...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...Schilder also concluded that insects may be useful models to understand more about metabolic disease in humans. Their work was supported by grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation. ...

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...ce, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, mouse models approach for intestinal tumorigenesis estimates by space radiation Kathryn Held, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, mechanisms for induction of bystander effects by high energy particles in cells and tissues Fiorenza Ianzini, University o...

Coral reefs are increasingly vulnerable to angry oceans

... the might of an angry sea. They used mathematical models to calculate the forces that coral is subjected to...eef recover." The researchers used mathematical models borrowed from engineering theory to translate the movement of storm waves into mechanical stresses o...

Parkinson's mutation stunts neurons

...iversity, said their findings could lead to animal models for studying the form of PD and ultimately to new ...del for the form of PD. "These cellular and animal models may promote the discovery of effective therapeutics for LRRK2-associated disease," they wrote. ...

Researchers map spread of pathogens in the human body

...ams have pioneered the integration of mathematical models with observational data to predict the spread of individual bacteria within the human body. Their findings are reported in the November issue of PLoS Biology. The work analyses the spread and distribution of Salmonella in the body, which is a bac...

NASA study: Alaskan fires affected Houston air quality in 2004

...based on a combination of satellite data, computer models and weather balloon readings finds that smoke from Alaskan and Canadian forest fires as much as doubled ground-level ozone thousands of miles away in Houston during a two-day period in July 2004. The study, which will appear online Sept. 26 in the Jo...

Blue eyes -- A clue to paternity

...udents were asked to rate facial attractiveness of models on a computer. The pictures were close-ups of you...showed no difference in their preferences for male models of either eye color. Similarly, brown-eyed men showed no preference for either blue-eyed or brown-e...

St. Jude finds clues to hearing loss from chemotherapy

...l and gene therapy, thanks to work done with mouse models at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Mice wit...s in the October issue of Hearing Research. These models will help scientists understand what happens in the ears of children who suffer ototoxicity (toxic d...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...erence.? The study “Zebrafish and giant danio as models for muscle growth: Determinate versus indeterminate growth as determined by morphometric analysis,?was carried out by Biga and Frederick W. Goetz, both of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and the Great Lakes Wisconsin Aquatic Technology and Envi...

Development of gene therapy

...ect collaboration across disciplines, using animal models and clinical studies. An acute need for research exists, especially regarding the development of efficient and safe vectors for gene transfer. ...

Ocean temperature predicts spread of marine species

...temperature, which is much easier to come by. With models such as this, we can see what large-scale changes in ocean temperature may mean for adult populations." The study appeared online the week of Dec. 25 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition. Knowing dispersal distan...

Stormy days ahead for coral reefs

...Joshua Madin and Dr Sean Connolly use mathematical models to calculate the forces that coral is subjected to...er." The researchers' model uses mathematical models borrowed from engineering theory to translate the movement of storm waves into mechanical stresses o...

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