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Tag: "models" at biology news

MRSA toxin acquitted: Study clears suspected key to severe bacterial illness

...r PVL was present, the researchers also used mouse models to learn that CA-MRSA strains are just as pathogenic with or without PVL present. These findings were seen in tests with mice that displayed skin and soft-tissue infection and bacterial sepsis. "The strains were just as deadly with or without the ...

Math model predicts cancer behavior

... physical sciences," Cummings said. "Computational models like this, in which complex behavior emerges from computer simulations grounded in understanding phenomena at a smaller scale, have been a staple of chemistry, physics, and related engineering disciplines for a long time." Quaranta and Cummings exp...

New gene linked to bipolar disorder

...bipolar disorder. Using techniques such as animal models will help us to fully understand the mechanisms behind this gene and explore how we might be able to intervene in these mechanisms, to help people with the disorder. "We hope our discovery will eventually lead to new treatments for depression and ...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...ipates that several years of research using animal models and cell culture systems will still be needed befo...dy the properties of photoreceptor cells and mouse models to learn more about the process of transplantation and functional integration. He hopes that he wil...

Scientists show drug can counteract muscular dystrophy in mice

... inhibitor of the enzyme deacetylase, in two mouse models of muscular dystrophy (MD): one that naturally develops a disease similar to Duchenne muscular dystrophy in humans, the other genetically altered to develop a form of dystrophy similar to the human limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. At 45 to 90 days of ...

A valuable fly for research into disease

...ies are modelling human diseases in the fly. These models are providing the basic tools for genetic and pharmacological tests that aim to identify target genes as well as compounds that may lead to future therapies. Moreover, more and more companies that exploit this model system are being established world...

Researchers link ocean organisms with increased cloud cover and potential climate change

... of the largest uncertainties right now in climate models is the ability to predict how clouds would respond to changing particle levels ?whether they originate from humans with air pollution or from biological activity. We can now see very strongly the influence of marine biology on oceanic clouds." Re...

Vaccination with embryonic stem cells prevents lung cancer in mice

...ventative effect of vaccination extends beyond our models of lung cancer (although in our state of Kentucky with its high smoking rates, lung cancer alone would be a big victory). We may also vaccinate ageing rodents, the majority of which develop endocrine tumours in old age. "In terms of human testing...

Fruit fly study identifies gene mutation that regulates sensitivity to alcohol

...nding genes and molecular pathways in other animal models and humans. Antonio Noronha, Ph.D., director of NIAAA's Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, said, "If we can characterize similar genetic differences and neurobehavioral responses that underlie acute tolerance in humans, that could potentially pro...

New technology to speed up research into Huntington's disease

...ing aspect of the disease. Whilst useful mouse models mimicking this disorder have been developed, it has been difficult to test cognitive skills such as learning, because most traditional experiments demand a level of physical performance that the mice cannot deliver due to the effect of the disease on...

First Quantum Grant to fund stem cell repair of damage from stroke

...ce that include cell and molecular biology, animal models of disease, and hopefully human clinical trials, the "Neuro-Vascular Regeneration" project falls in line with the NIH roadmap for the development of multi-disciplinary and translational science. The BCM team also includes project co-developer Mary...

A new approach to growing heart muscle

...ratory. Active programs include tissue engineering models for cardiac muscle, tri-leaflet valves, cell-based...e. "Fundamentally, we're interested in creating models of the different components of the heart one by one," says Birla. "It's like building a house ?you...

Computer scientists unravel 'language of surgery'

...kins computer scientists are building mathematical models to represent the safest and most effective ways to...‘the language of surgery.' To develop mathematical models for this language, we're borrowing techniques from speech recognition technology and applying them t...

Siberian lakes burp 'time-bomb' greenhouse gas

...ne as a byproduct of decomposition." "Permafrost models predict significant thaw of permafrost during this century, which means that yedoma permafrost is like a time bomb waiting to go off - as it continues to thaw, tens of thousands of teragrams of methane can be released to the atmosphere enhancing clim...

'Best of both worlds' -- Targeting a single gene could inhibit bone decay and stimulate bone growth

... even higher levels and who also present exemplary models for the academic community. Choi, who is originally from Seoul, South Korea, has been at the University of Pennsylvania since 2001. ...

Using nature's most primitive anti-viral defense system to find new approaches to cancer research

...with the functional analysis in human cell culture models of metastasis, we expect to identify novel, conserved proteins involved in cell migration and invasion, some of which could prove to be good anti-cancer drug targets." According to Dr Mark Matfield, AICR's scientific adviser: "Metastasis of tumour...

Proteins may behave differently in natural environments

...of thousands of such images into three-dimensional models that demonstrate the dynamics of the proteins. When Ludtke and his colleagues followed this procedure with the GroEL mutant with its sister-protein, GroES, they were surprised. Two of the structures were as they expected, but the third was "a stra...

Antibody extends life of mice with breast cancer

...asizing." The antibody was tested using in vitro models of tumor cell growth, in assays to determine its a...to damage or kill cells (cytotoxicity), in various models of cancer metastasis, and, finally, in mice with metastatic breast cancer. "In addition to provi...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

... segments (as had been proposed two decades ago in models termed "transient excursions" and "inchworming"). Instead, the researchers showed that the machine remains stationary and pulls adjacent DNA segments into itself. "The study of molecular machines and the dynamics of their moving parts hold great i...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...manding analysis that produced the high-resolution models of the motor and microtubule structures from the e..." The researchers then took those high-resolution models and combined them with models of kinesin and microtubule structures rendered using another technolog...

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