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Tag: "microbial" at biology news

New approach could lower antibiotic requirements by 50 times

...is to be welcomed,' said Jim Spencer a lecturer in microbial pathogenesis at the University of Bristol. The overuse of antibiotics since the 1940s had slowly created a host of infections that are resistant to antibiotics. MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) for example is rapidly spreading th...

Microbes compete with animals for food by making it stink

... refused to eat the rotten fish not protected from microbial attack. To determine if reducing bacterial growth affected an animal's ability to find the bait, researchers also repeated the trapping experiment in the marsh, but used newly thawed fish, fish soaked in antibiotic treated water and fish aged with...

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

... the version found in people. The bay waters are a microbial soup teeming with microorganisms, yet the worm-like bottom-feeder is remarkably adept at standing up to the bacterial, viral and chemical threats in its environment. Understanding how it does so could lead to improved biodefense and better immune-boo...

'Failed' experiment yields a biocontrol agent that doesn't trigger antibiotic resistance

...owicz, ConjuGon is helping to ensure the future of microbial sciences at the UW-Madison. "We have one of the largest and most prominent communities of microbiologists in the country on the UW-Madison campus," he says. "It's important to provide jobs and opportunities in Madison for people who train here." ...

'GreeneChip' -- New diagnostic tool that rapidly and accurately identifies multiple pathogens

...n." GreeneChip features include a comprehensive microbial sequence database that integrates previously distinct reserves of information about pathogens—for every entry of a pathogen and its properties, the GreeneChip contains a correlate of its genetic makeup. GreeneChip performance was initially teste...

Researchers develop technologies to devour food pathogens

...s capable of recognizing Listeria monocytogenes, a microbial pathogen that is the leading cause of food-borne i...ve shown the gas to be highly effective at killing microbial pathogens. The largest obstacle remaining is optimizing the system to dispense the appropriate amoun...

From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea

...en a pretty hot topic for a number of years in the microbial ecology and physiology realm,'' Francis said, noting that most biology textbooks now divide life into three domains-Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya, a category that includes plants, animals, fungi, algae and protozoa. Scientists believe that the mos...

A key antibody, IgG, links cells' capture and disposal of germs

... Nohturfft says. "But some of the most destructive microbial pathogens, such as those responsible for tuberculosis and salmonellosis, are able to hijack cells and use them as a breeding ground precisely because they block the merger of phagosomes and lysosomes. It had long been known that coating these germs w...

Particle size matters to bacteria ability to immobilize heavy metals

...cles to determine the influence of mineral size on microbial reduction rates at the nanoscale. The researchers are looking at microbial reduction of nano hematite, which Bose synthesized in the lab and characterized. "Nano particles ...

Worms produce surprise insight into human fever

...ic enzymes, and antimicrobial peptides to prevent microbial colonization of the intestine. In dissecting t...immune mechanism used by metazoans in response to microbial infections. Warm-blooded “homeotherms?like rats (and people) can increase their internal body tempe...

Genomic comparison of lactic acid bacteria published

...the contribution to our food supply of such benign microbial players as lactic acid-producing bacteria. Researc...he genomic data and provides new hypotheses on how microbial genomes evolve by mechanisms of genomic loss and horizontal gene acquisitions." ...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...work raises a fascinating question about what role microbial communities found in human intestines may play in ...spite intense study. "Might disturbances in the microbial balance of human intestines trigger an immune system response that leads to metabolic disease?" Mard...

Professors to develop hand-held pathogen testing device

...le, hand-held device capable of detecting up to 50 microbial threat agents in air, water and food. "This device will give us the ability to measure pathogens in a manner and at a price that really matters for human health," Hashsham said. "If we can screen for all pathogens together, we can minimize the thr...

Otherworldly bacteria discovered two miles down

...face in a South African gold mine. It is the first microbial community demonstrated to be exclusively dependent on geologically produced sulfur and hydrogen and one of the few ecosystems found on Earth that does not depend on energy from the Sun in any way. The discovery, appearing in the October 20 issue of S...

Bacteria that use radiated water as food

... energy of radiation-borne hydrogen gas to support microbial communities. ...

Study finds the air rich with bacteria

...ey determined that the two cities shared a similar microbial composition. "This gives us hope that we can eventually develop a regional airborne microbial census, perhaps even a nationwide or global census," says Andersen. "This will also help us determin...

Different strategies underlie the ecology of microbial invasions

...th invading and defensive bacteria of two distinct microbial mechanisms of killing competitors: through the release of chemicals (for example, antibiotics or bacteriocins) and through the release of parasites (for example, bacterial viruses, known as phages). Focusing on the second mechanism in an experimental...

Most widely used organic pesticide requires help to kill

..., forestry and human health, but for understanding microbial disease in humans and other animals. "The take-h...intestinal tracts had been cleared of their native microbial communities showed none of the agent's toxic effects. When the insect's microbial gut flora were r...

Better sludge through metagenomics

...ogy process on the planet. When it works, it is a microbial symphony in tune with humanity. When it fails, th...ploying a systems biology approach to the study of microbial communities with the goal of designing predictive models to understand how these communities functio...

Bacterial 'switch gene' regulates how oceans emit sulfur into atmosphere

...ocean and atmosphere," said Mary Ann Moran, marine microbial ecologist at the University of Georgia. Moran and ... use sulfur compounds. "This breakthrough in the microbial physiology of DMSP metabolism opens the door to understanding the biology and ecology of this global...

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