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Tag: "microbes" at biology news

Environmental metagenomics diagnosing extreme environments, tapping opportunities for clean energy

...Rubin. "The challenge is that the vast majority of microbes are resistant to being grown under standard labora...s are broken down into simple sugars by fermenting microbes in the termite's gut, using enzymes that produce hydrogen as a byproduct. "It's not as if we are g...

Scientists discover interplay between genes and viruses in tiny ocean plankton

... facet of evolution and helping scientists see how microbes exploit changing conditions, such as altered light...he U.S. Department of Energy. "Our image of ocean microbes and their role in planetary maintenance is changing," Chisholm said. "We no longer think of the micr...

Microbiology text tells stories, offers online resources

... Michigan. "We like to tell stories about the way microbes are put together, what they must do to grow and survive and how they interact with all other living things." Microbe is paradigm-driven rather than fact-driven. Key concepts are illustrated by inspiring examples that convey the excitement of the fi...

Newly identified mechanism helps explain why people of African descent are more vulnerable to TB

...quently used animal model in experiments -- combat microbes such as TB by producing nitric oxide in scavenger cells of the immune system known as macrophages. However, this mechanism is not prominent in humans, and the mechanism by which human macrophages kill the tubercle bacillus has remained an additional ...

Vaccine provides 100 percent protection against avian flu virus in animal study

...e sequenced and compared the genomes of planktonic microbes living throughout the water column in the Pacific ...of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes fro...

Intelligently designed molecular evolution

... desired molecular product, then introduce it into microbes for mass production. In addition to synthesizing ...cientific field of synthetic biology. "We can use microbes to do a lot of complicated chemistry, and the way in which this will be done is through the use of e...

Wyoming cloud seeding experiment begins this month

...e sequenced and compared the genomes of planktonic microbes living throughout the water column in the Pacific ...of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes fro...

Sequencing our seas

...e sequenced and compared the genomes of planktonic microbes living throughout the water column in the Pacific ...of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes fro...

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

...y, and the senior author of the new study. "These microbes have to undergo an extreme makeover to survive in a host," says Klein, an authority on fungal diseases. "The million dollar question is was what controls this change? " Klein and colleagues Julie C. Nemecek and Marcel Wuthrich identified a molecular...

A biosensor layered like lasagna

...biological chemicals, environmental agents or even microbes and their toxic byproducts. Lin and colleagues also reported, in February issue of Analytical Chemistry, having used a similar technique to construct sensors for nerve agents. ...

Hot-spring bacteria flip a metabolic switch

...can grow in waters up to around 160°F, while other microbes in the hot spring can tolerate temperatures that exceed 175°F. But until now, it was unclear which organisms could fix nitrogen--especially in the hotter regions of the mat. "The cyanobacteria are true multitaskers within the mat community," Grossma...

Poison + water = hydrogen. New microbial genome shows how

...C. hydrogenoformans is one of the fastest-growing microbes that can convert water and carbon monoxide to hydr...he genome of this organism to study the ecology of microbes living in diverse hot springs, such as those in Yellowstone National Park. They want to know what t...

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

...these saltern crystallizers--and even more so, the microbes that manage to survive in such briny environs. Now...cante and Mallorca, Spain. Although extreme-loving microbes called archaea were known to eke out life in the ponds, scientists were surprised to discover ordina...

Understanding the oceans microbes is key to the Earth's future

...f human-induced change on the vital services these microbes perform for the planet remains largely unstudied, ...e biosphere; their unique metabolisms allow marine microbes to carry out many steps of the biogeochemical cycles that other organisms are unable to complete. T...

Plants, too, have ways to manage freeloaders

...natural differences in nitrogen fixation among the microbes they encounter in the soil. Interestingly, not all plants seem to nodulate the best bacterial species, which could mean that strains also differ in how easily they can enter the plant roots to initiate nodulation. This could explain why soybean and ...

Microbes under Greenland Ice may be preview of what scientists find under Mars' surface

...eres of both Earth and Mars. If a class of ancient microbes called Archaea are the source of Mars' methane, as...perature is slightly warmer than freezing and such microbes should average about one every cubic centimeter, or about 16 per cubic inch. While Price is not exp...

ORNL leading effort to help harness power of Shewanella

...nced DOE projects aimed at increasing knowledge of microbes and microbial communities with potential applications in bioremediation, ethanol and hydrogen production, cleanup of former nuclear weapons production sites and minimizing global warming by controlling the cycling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. ...

Polio vaccination strategies assessed as eradication nears

...osis, and treatment of infectious diseases; on the microbes that cause them; and on disorders of host immune mechanisms. Articles in JID include research results from microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and related disciplines. JID is published under the auspices of the Infectious Diseases Society of Amer...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...ing the attack of microbial pathogens, while these microbes themselves have depended on their ability to alter molecular attack strategies in order to flourish. In the new work, researchers have essentially caught one step of this arms race in action, and they have shed light on the molecular mechanisms emplo...

Bacterial protein mimics host to cripple defenses

...B's amino acid sequence to known proteins in other microbes and in higher organisms, but found no matches that might hint at how the protein works at the molecular level. "We had some biochemical clues to what AvrPtoB was doing, but getting the three-dimensional crystal structure was really key," Martin exp...

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