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Tag: "microbes" at biology news

Tropical forest CO2 emissions tied to nutrient increases

...ed to forest plots in Costa Rica, they caused soil microbes to increase their CO2 emissions to the atmosphere by about 20 percent annually, said Cory Cleveland of CU's Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research. The study is important because human activities are changing the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen ...

Ammonia-loving archaea win landslide majority

...) issue of Nature. Archaea are single-celled microbes that, along with bacteria, comprise a category of small organisms whose genetic material, or DNA, is not stored in a nucleus (as it is in animals and plants). Crenarchaeota, which belong to the archaea, are found in various habitats, including soil. ...

DOE JGI finishes 100th microbial genome

...in his President's Forum remarks said that the 100 microbes represent a rich portfolio of the vast and mostly ...ience. "With this list in hand, we can explore how microbes use these parts to build and run their key functions, many of critical importance to DOE because the...

It's all in the genes

... affects the fertility of soils, which affects the microbes in the soil, which affect the insects that live in the soil or eat the leaves, which affect the birds that feed on the insects, and so on. In the July issue of Nature Reviews Genetics and the May issue of Evolution, Whitham and fellow researchers di...

Microscopic passengers to hitch ride on space shuttle

...later this week, it will take along three kinds of microbes so scientists can study how their genetic response...as potential threats to crew health. Sending these microbes into space will allow scientists to investigate the microbes' genetic adaptation and ability to caus...

DOE JGI sequences, releases genome of symbiotic tree fungus

...bon reside in the way that they interact with soil microbes known as mycorrhizal fungi, which excel at procuri...root is protected from competition with other soil microbes and gains preferential access to carbohydrates within the plant. Such mycorrhizae are critical to ...

Survival of the selfless - scientists find cheats don't always prosper

...and efficient metabolism. Dr MacLean adds: "While microbes are obviously not capable of rational thought, they can change their behaviour rapidly in response to simple environmental cues. The possibility that one type could become both a cheater and a cooperator depending on what's needed at the time is intr...

Malaria, potato famine pathogen share surprising trait

...of its own. "Our findings show that very distinct microbes can share similar strategies for delivering toxic proteins to their targets," Kamoun said. About a year and a half ago, Kamoun and his group at Ohio State read studies conducted by the Northwestern researchers that described the leader sequence of t...

MIT researchers build tiny batteries with viruses

... a laboratory strain of a common virus, making the microbes collect exotic materials - cobalt oxide and gold. ...eagues learned they could exploit the abilities of microbes to recognize the correct molecules and assemble them where they belong. A new means of inducing th...

New method for identifying microbes

...ology, has many applications -- from assessing the microbes present in environmental samples and identifying s...essential if we want to fully understand the roles microbes play in global cycles, make use of their enormous metabolic capabilities, or easily identify potenti...

Study reveals classic symbiotic relationship between ants, bacteria

...ws us how little we know about natural systems and microbes in nature. Fungus-growing ants are very well studied, yet this morphological characteristic went unnoticed until now. What other organisms might be taking advantage of this type of association? What don't we know about other systems that are not a...

A bathroom that cleans itself

... commercial bleach. These nanoparticles then kill microbes and break down organic compounds. And because surfaces coated with titanium dioxide have another property called 'superhydrophilicity' -- meaning droplets do not form -- water runs straight off the surface, washing as it goes. Presently, titanium ...

New insight into machinery of immune cells' 'tentacles'

...es the T cell to program itself to target invading microbes for destruction. Antigens are proteins in invading microbes that the immune system detects to trigger a counterattack. The researchers said their findings of t...

Sex: It's costly but worth it. Just ask a microbe

...tionship maintenance, take comfort in knowing that microbes share your pain. In the first study to examine th...f America. "There was always an assumption that microbes reproduce asexually, but they are actually asexual and sexual," says Xu. Using a fungus that has two...

USC, Rice to develop bacteria-powered fuel cells

...he investigation of the genetic pathways that some microbes rely upon to maintain their respiratory metabolism in oxygen-poor environments. Shewanella oneidensis, one such bacterium, uses metals instead of oxygen to fully metabolize its food. "Since this organism is capable of passing electrons directly to s...

Researchers reveal lung's unique innate immune system

...y systems takes place ?are protected from invading microbes by the alveolar macrophage. Macrophages are white blood cells involved in the inflammatory response throughout the body, cells normally on the alert for invaders to kill. Alveolar macrophages are unique among macrophages in the body, because their...

Flu not the only germ threat this time of year

...yncytial virus (RSV). Pronouncing the names of the microbes can be almost as difficult as bearing the illnesses themselves. They're on doorknobs, faucets, and appliance handles all around you, and maybe in your nose and lungs too. Some of the viruses are also wafting through the air you breathe, looking to la...

Earth Rx: A microbial biotechnology prescription for global environmental health

...or the majority of Earth's 6 billion year history, microbes ruled, spreading to every nook and cranny on the g... "Scientifically, it might be easiest to let the microbes convert the energy is organic wastes directly to electricity. However, they also can generate usefu...

UC San Diego partners with Venter Institute to build marine microbial genomics cyberinfrastructure

...e new resource will help scientists understand how microbes function in their natural ecosystems, enable studi...h as the chemical and physical conditions in which microbes are sampled. "The explosion of data from the collection and sequencing of marine microbes requires...

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...tion, helping scientists see how photosynthesizing microbes manage to exploit changing conditions such as alte...duate student, suggest that gene-swapping in ocean microbes resembles the flow of genes already known to occur among disease-causing bacteria. In an ocean conte...

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