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Tag: "meter" at biology news

Rice scientists make first nanoscale pH meter

... under a microscope. Halas said LANP's new nano-pH meter could be used instead as an "optical biopsy" to measure the pH inside the tumor with nothing more invasive than an injection. Halas's LANP team created the pH sensor using nanoshells, optically tuned nanoparticles invented by Halas. Each nanoshell c...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...t with a neuron is no more than 20 millionths of a meter in length -- Lieber and colleagues were able to measure and manipulate electrical conductance at as many as 50 locations along a single axon. The current work involves measurement of signals only within single mammalian neurons; the researchers are...

Finding a better way to make biodiesel

They're only 250 billionths of a meter in diameter. But fill them with the right chemistry and Iowa State scientists say the tiny nanospheres they've developed could revolutionize how biodiesel is produced. The researchers are after a new, high-tech catalyst that takes some of the energy...

Corn waste potentially more than ethanol

...ical production is about one watt for every square meter of surface area at about 0.5 volts. A typical light bulb uses 60 watts. To increase wattage, the surface area needs to increase. To increase voltage, fuel cells can be linked in series. "Producing electricity from steam exploded corn stover adds to ...

Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors

...m pierced by an array of holes 0.2 millionths of a meter in diameter and coated in a layer of polymer. The researchers shine two beams of light on the structure: a signal beam and a control beam. When the beams strike the patterned film they produce plasmons, which are essentially blobs of electron gas nea...

Iowa State researchers improving plastics made from corn and soy proteins

...ces of clay that are just 10 to 20 billionths of a meter thick. It's not easy to work with those tiny pieces of clay. They tend to stick together in clumps because of electrostatic forces, said Michael Kessler, an Iowa State assistant professor of materials science and engineering who's also working on ...

MIT nanoparticles may help detect, treat tumors

... involves injecting nanoparticles (billionths of a meter in size) made of iron oxide into the body, where they flow through the bloodstream and enter tumors. Solid tumors must form new blood vessels to grow. But because this growth is so rapid in cancerous tumors, there are gaps in the endothelial cells t...

Embryonic stem cells do better on bumpy nanoscale mattress

...ing from a few billionths to a few millionths of a meter in altitude. The HES cells in culture seemed to appreciate the bumps. A line of HES cells grown for five days on the artificial ridges and grooves kept their “stemness,?their self-renewing phenotype, far better than HES cells plated on standard ...

Most important actors in the growth process of neurons identified

...in the nervous system can sometimes be more than a meter long. The axon's orientation as it grows is also of great importance in forming the right connection. As in-coming stimuli are converted into signals that determine the direction and speed of an axon's growth, three things can happen: the axon can gr...

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

Tiny particles one-billionth of a meter in size can be loaded with high concentrations of drugs designed to kill brain cancer. What's more, these nanoparticles can be used to image and track tumors as well as destroy them, according to researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensiv...

Monoclonal antibody reduces exacerbations in asthmatics

...cefully as possible into the mouthpiece of the PEF meter for three tests. As a gauge for pulmonary function, it is especially useful in patients older than age five who have persistent moderate to severe asthma.) "None of the exacerbations we saw in our study warranted treatment with oral corticosteroids ...

In presence of fragrant cleaning products, air purifiers that emit ozone can dirty the air

... the room. Samples of the air were taken about one meter from the purifier and analyzed for ozone and particulate matter levels. The researchers tested two types of air purifiers ?a commercial ionic purifier that emits about 2 milligrams of ozone per hour, and an ozonolysis purifier that emits approxima...

New sensor detects gaseous chemical weapon surrogates in 45 seconds

...struments were physically large, often measuring a meter or more in length. The entire arrangement was cumbersome, power-hungry and prone to interference from external sound and vibration. In the QPAS technique, several QCLs can fit on a 3 x 3 millimeter chip. And the tuning forks are identical to the k...

Cancer tip -- Nanoparticles can damage DNA, increase cancer risk

...icles, engineered materials about a billionth of a meter in size, could damage DNA and lead to cancer, according to research presented at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. Nanoparticles are small enough to penetrate cell membranes and defenses, yet they are large eno...

Study identifies risk factors for spread of respiratory infections in hospitals

...t Facts Placing hospital beds less than 1 meter apart increased the risk of SARS transmission from one patient to another. Hospital staff working while showing symptoms of SARS also increased the risk. Providing hand-washing, showering, and changing facilities decreased the risk. ...

World's largest flower evolved from family of much tinier blooms

...ith the world's largest flower -- typically a full meter across, with a bud the size of a basketball -- evolved from a family of plants whose blossoms are nearly all tiny, botanists write this week in the journal Science. Their genetic analysis of rafflesia reveals that it is closely related to a family th...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

...d. "Tagged squid in our study occupied the 100-500 meter [300 to 1,600-foot] zone, the same region to which the whales dove over 90 percent of the time, consistent with the idea that whales were primarily preying on jumbo squid of large body size," the authors wrote. "Whales did occasionally dive beyond 50...

New research shows sharks use their noses and bodies to locate smells

...d by its body odor," explained Atema. In an eight meter flume in the lab, Atema and Jayne Gardiner, a recently graduated Boston University Marine Program (BUMP) Masters student and study co-author, created two parallel, turbulent odor plumes – one using squid scent and the other a plain seawater control. ...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

...sers who don’t want to rely on their body’s thirst meter have another excellent option, and that is undertaking a sweat test. This involves recording a person’s weight digitally, then running on a treadmill for an hour and recording their ending weight after toweling off the body sweat. “Most people don’t ...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

... biominerals that measure about one-billionth of a meter in diameter. The team examined the biofilm using transmission electron microscopy at Berkeley Lab’s National Center for Electron Microscopy, a national user facility that probes material at the nanoscale. They found that the zinc sulfide nanoparti...

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