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Tag: "metabolism" at biology news

Ready, set, mutate?and may the best microbe win

...y protein that the bacteria needed to regulate its metabolism at high temperatures. They grew the bacteria for one month in fermentor, raising the temperature a half degree Celsius each day. Over a span of 1,500 generations, the percentage of mutant strains inside the fermentor ebbed and flowed as the single-c...

Tropical forest CO2 emissions tied to nutrient increases

...ilable to tropical soil microbes, increasing their metabolism and the amounts of CO2 they emit, he said. Phosphorus and many other nutrients are regularly transported around the Earth by global wind patterns, sometimes riding on huge transcontinental dust clouds, said Townsend, who also is associated with CU-B...

Heart has enough oxygen to survive hypothermia, CPR crucial

...ised. Body shuts down As the body cools, the metabolism slows, reducing the need for oxygen. Limited blood circulation is directed to vital organs, including the brain, heart and kidneys, but not to non-vital organs such as the muscles, skin and periphery. When hypothermia victims arrive in the emergenc...

Researchers develop flood-tolerant California rice

...alifornia rice, is responsible for changes in cell metabolism and growth while the plant is submerged. "One of the genes in the submergence gene cluster makes rice conserve the carbohydrate reserves in the plant leaves when the plant is submerged, resulting in a controlled growth for the plant," said Bailey-...

DOE JGI finishes 100th microbial genome

...ance, and many other aspects of the physiology and metabolism of the green sulfur bacteria." The search for microorganisms that can inform solutions to energy and environmental challenges can go to the extremes--the boiling hot pools in Yellowstone National Park, for instance--and lead to new biotechnology pro...

Computational model simulates AZT metabolism in mitochondria

...el that allows scientists to better understand the metabolism and toxicity of the HIV/AIDS drug zidovudine (azid...icity of AZT is. The inhibition of deoxynucleoside metabolism is one possibility. The incorporation of AZT into mitochondrial DNA is another." He added: "The deta...

Attacking cancer's sweet tooth is effective strategy against tumors

...rs who are studying the Warburg effect, and cancer metabolism more generally, is the way the study resolves a long-standing debate about how and why cells switch to glycolysis in the first place. Warburg speculated that cancer cells change over to glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm, because the mitochond...

Major obesity gene is 'lost in the shuffle'

...es. We know that the ASIP protein regulates lipid metabolism in humans, so there is certainly reason to presume that this deletion contributed to the gibbons' remarkably small body mass, enabling them to thrive in the jungle canopy." Ishida points out that future studies of gibbons and other primates will ena...

Predicting successful outcomes in living-donor liver transplants

...liver function ?in particular with respect to drug metabolism as suggested by the authors ?has yet to be determined," he states. He also notes that the multiple blood sampling used by the second study is quite labor intensive when compared to the device used in the first study, which is more apt to make its way...

Possible brain hormone may unlock mystery of hibernation

...of the protein complex in the regulation of energy metabolism and/or biological defenses during hibernation--crucial events for adapting to the severe physiological state," Ohtsu said. In the current study, the researchers first demonstrated that hibernation in chipmunks is strictly controlled by an individual...

New Research Shows Artificial Light at Night Stimulates Breast Cancer Growth in Laboratory Mice

...noleic acid as a growth signal, which causes tumor metabolism and growth activity to shut down.?/p> To test this hypothesis, the researchers injected human breast cancer cells into laboratory mice. Once these cells developed into cancerous tumors, the tumors were implanted into female rats where they could ...

Pennsylvania researchers find liver transplants provide metabolic cure for rare genetic disease

...ple as a common cold, which can disrupt the body's metabolism and cause rapid neurological deterioration. In 1997, an MSUD patient at another hospital received a liver transplant due to an unrelated medical condition and physicians noticed the symptoms of her MSUD were alleviated. Based on this serendipitous ...

High resolution 'snapshots' detail dynamics of a cocaine antibody

...would basically have to out-run the body's natural metabolism process to have any serious impact on the psychoactive effects of the drug. Generated by x-ray crystallography, pictures of the conformational changes that occur during the antibody's complete catalytic cycle show the molecular basis for catalysis a...

USC, Rice to develop bacteria-powered fuel cells

...e microbes rely upon to maintain their respiratory metabolism in oxygen-poor environments. Shewanella oneidensis, one such bacterium, uses metals instead of oxygen to fully metabolize its food. "Since this organism is capable of passing electrons directly to solid metal oxides, it is not particularly surprisin...

Alternatives to the use of nitrate as a fertiliser

...compared the effect of ammoniacal nutrition on the metabolism of sensitive plants, such as spinach and on tolerant ones, like the pea. The results indicate that the processes associated with tolerance to ammonia in the pea are multiple with respect to spinach. In the pea plant there is greater regulation of the...

Lactic acid not athlete's poison, but an energy source - if you know how to use it

...t time two metabolic cycles - oxygen-based aerobic metabolism and oxygen-free anaerobic metabolism - previously thought distinct. "This is a fundamental change in how people think about metabolism,"...

Amazon rainforest greens up in the dry season

...refore either go dormant or die. Figuring out the metabolism of the Amazon rainforest, the largest old-growth rainforest on the planet, is crucial for understanding how rainforests and other tropical biomes function and how deforestation affects biodiversity and sustainable land use in the tropics. It will als...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

...nce. "We're interested in the internal control of metabolism because feeding behavior is on a daily cycle, and hormonal activities that regulate this are circadian," says senior author Mitch Lazar, MD, PhD, Director of the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism at Penn. "Many studies, including those ...

Of mice, men, trees and the global carbon cycle

...cher has found a universal rule that regulates the metabolism of plants of all kinds and sizes and that may also...difference between plants and animals in how their metabolism varies with size. The larger an animal, the slower its metabolism on a per-weight basis. Thus, altho...

A real time look at interactions between RNA and proteins

...a workable system to understand all aspects of RNA metabolism in a cell," say Eberwine. "For the first time, we can study how manipulation of cellular physiology, such as administering a drug, changes RNA-binding protein and RNA interactions. This technology allows us to see that in real time in real cells." R...

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