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Tag: "mechanism" at biology news

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...s issue of Cell. "We got the surprise that this mechanism is involved in cancer cell survival, even though i...al response. "There was nothing known about that mechanism to suggest how TBK-1 could drive cancer cell survival," Dr. White said. The researchers found tha...

Cocaine high caused by interference in neuronal receiving stations

...rs have found evidence for a fundamental molecular mechanism underlying the hyperactive high of cocaine. In studies with rats, they have traced the effect to interactions between two types of receiving stations in neurons for nerve signals from their neighbors. The researchers' studies in rats found that when ...

Studies find general mechanism of cellular aging

...lts show disparate cell types share a common aging mechanism and suggest that aging-related diseases such as diabetes result from a failure of cell growth, said Dr. Norman E. Sharpless, co-author on the three studies and an assistant professor of medicine and genetics at the UNC School of Medicine. "The studie...

T-beta-RIII joins the fight against breast cancer

...he TGF-beta receptor, T-beta-RIII, might provide a mechanism for the distinct effects of TGF-beta at the differ...s this protein. Further analysis revealed that the mechanism behind these protective effects of T-beta-RIII was likely to be T-beta-RIII cleavage at the cell mem...

Newly identified biomarker detects and regulates spread of brain tumors

...tin induces cancer cells to migrate, although that mechanism is not well understood. Knowing that attractin modulates the migration and possibly the recurrence of these tumors makes it a promising target for future therapeutic intervention, says Dr. Van Meir. "Our studies suggest that measuring attractin level...

Mayo researchers discover HIV dependence on a human protein

...f the molecular tether was necessary, defining the mechanism in a way an artist would delineate the knots at each end of the rope that links a tetherball to a pole. "It turns out that the virus needs surprisingly little p75 to integrate," says Dr. Poeschla. "Future studies will want to factor such potential p...

Protein splicing upsets the DNA colinearity paradigm

...al trials around the world. This study describes a mechanism that significantly extends the number of antigenic peptides that can be produced from a single protein, and therefore widens the applicability of peptide vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases....

Scientist's persistence sheds light on marine science riddle

...old evolutionary debate. The debate involves the mechanism underlying the island rule: that small animals isolated on islands evolve to be larger than their mainland relatives, and large animals evolve to be smaller. In a paper to be published in September in the Journal of Biogeography, "The Island Rule and...

MIT material stops bleeding in seconds

...hich can be used by surrounding cells. The exact mechanism of the solutions' action is still unknown, but the researchers believe the peptides interact with the extracellular matrix surrounding the cells. "It is a completely new way to stop bleeding; whether it produces a physical barrier is unclear at this ...

University of Iowa scientists explore function of 'junk DNA'

...d biophysics, and neurology, have discovered a new mechanism for the expression of microRNAs -- short segments of RNA that do not give rise to a protein, but do play a role in regulating protein production. In their study, Davidson and colleagues not only discovered that microRNAs could be expressed in a diffe...

Scientists explore how complex organs develop from a simple bud

...entific investigations into the complex biological mechanism known as branching morphogenesis. Through a series of seven laboratory reviews, important insights governing this process during animal development are revealed. The articles analyze how branching morphogenesis occurs in different organ systems in th...

Drug can quickly mobilize an army of cells to repair injury

...n," he says. "That way you enhance a normal repair mechanism instead of using the brute force of injecting a mixture of many cell types from bone marrow into the affected area." The research group has also shown that after treating human subjects with AMD3100 or G-CSF, angiogenic cells can be collected from t...

Key gene controlling kidney development found

...e in the developing kidney suggests that a similar mechanism exists in other developing organs," said Michelle Self, the doctoral student in Oliver's laboratory who did most of the work on this project. The St. Jude team showed that the kidneys in developing mice lacking the Six2 gene were remarkably smaller...

T for two: Scientists show how immune system chooses best way to fight infection

... Now, a team of researchers has discovered a novel mechanism determining whether a maturing T cell is likely to emerge from the thymus as an effector cell or a regulatory cell. The research suggests that new treatments could be developed to deliberately affect the type of T cells produced, allowing scientists ...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

...ervation led Karpen and Peng to propose a specific mechanism by which H3K9 methylation and RNAi pathways regulate nuclear organization. When the H3K9 methylation pathway is functioning properly, heterochromatin remains condensed and a single nucleolus forms around the ribosomal DNA. But lack of H3K9 methyl...

A new target for painkillers

...nt of Psychiatry. "It is a previously unrecognized mechanism for treating pain." The findings are being publ...t only suggest a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism for the treatment of neuropathic pain, but also demonstrate the involvement of alpha9alpha10 nicotin...

Pourquié lab identifies genes involved in formation of vertebral precursors

...formation of the spine and the role of an internal mechanism -- the clock oscillator -- that regulates the formation somites, the precursors of vertebrae. In their most recent findings, the team used the mouse model to demonstrate how the clock drives the periodic expression of a large network of cyclic genes ...

Novel mechanism of action of new drug for MS identified

...th University researchers have identified a unique mechanism of action of a new drug that shows great promise f... MS, said Spiegel. "By clearly understanding the mechanism of action of drugs such as FTY720, we can develop more optimal treatments for inflammatory disease s...

Mayo discovers protein as potential tactic to prevent tumors

.... "CDK2 is a key protein component in the cellular mechanism that leads to repair of damaged DNA." If cells ...e cancer community can focus on ways to regulate a mechanism that the cell contains to prevent damaged genetic messages from being inherited and spread in prolif...

Novel regulatory mechanism identified for key tumor suppressor p53

...ienna Biocenter in Austria have identified a novel mechanism involved in normal repression of the p53 protein, ...Institute and senior author on the study. "The new mechanism we describe, driven by a previously unknown enzyme, represses the p53 protein when its activity is n...

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