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Tag: "mechanism" at biology news

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

... At the same time, telomerase activity is the main mechanism by which human tumor cells achieve immortal growth. In addition, the natural ends of chromosomes could potentially look like broken strands of DNA that a cell's repair machinery is designed to fix. This has been a long-standing puzzle, because men...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

... "The current study was an attempt to look at the mechanism of this decrease in D1 receptor signaling," he sai...we nor anyone else has yet identified whether this mechanism occurs in the human population," Stanwood said, "so that is a critical next step."...

Erectile dysfunction in diabetes is due to selective defect in the brain

...ated responses in diabetes reflects an impaired NO mechanism within the PVN. The involvement of an NO mechanism in the NMDA mediated behavioral response was also explored. Methodology The rats were expose...

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

... More broadly, they said, the new insight into the mechanism underlying NS could apply to other inherited forms...al perturbations observed in this disorder. Such a mechanism may well generalize to other syndromes where signaling pathways that are important for neural cell g...

Inflammation may play role in metastasis of prostate cancer

...of publication in the journal Nature, identifies a mechanism which triggers metastasis, which is the spread of cancer in late stages of prostate cancer development. The findings by Michael Karin, Ph.D., professor of pharmacology in UCSD's Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, and colleagues ma...

Notorious cancer gene may work by destroying messenger

... protein called PMR1, the key player in an unusual mechanism that cells use to quickly stop production of certa...ops production of that protein. Cells use that mechanism to control the production of proteins such as growth factors, which activate genes in response to a ...

Elderly spinal cord injuries increase five-fold in 30 years, Jefferson neurosurgeons find

...rrop noted. "Falls continue to be the predominant mechanism for geriatric spinal cord injuries with 74 percent of geriatric injuries resulting from a fall in this series." Geriatric patients also appear prone to traumatic spinal cord injuries due to: (1) changes in bone quality with aging (2) increa...

Stem cells decrease ischemic injury and restore brain function

...Simoni. "Our research has underlined a possible mechanism of action. Once introduced in the area of the brain hit by a stroke, stem cells induce the development of a protective effect in this same area," explains De Simoni. "Therefore, it is not necessary, as proposed in past studies, for stem cells to turn...

Molecular signature may identify cisplatin-sensitive breast tumors

...ned to answer that question and to investigate the mechanism underlying cisplatin sensitivity. The research team focused on the function of p63, a protein that plays a role in normal breast development and is related to the common tumor suppressor p53. They analyzed tissue samples from triple-negative bre...

Researchers uncover protection mechanism of radiation-resistant bacterium

...colleagues have uncovered evidence pointing to the mechanism through which the extremely resilient bacterium De...tance exhibited by the bacteria has to do with its mechanism of DNA repair, and the majority of research on the bacteria has centered on this hypothesis. However...

Discovery of an HIV inhibitor in human blood points to new drug class

...ct its host's immune cells. That unique underlying mechanism allowed the inhibitor to remain effective against viral strains that are resistant to other antiretroviral drugs, they found. "Our data support the possibility that VIRIP may contribute to controlling HIV-1 replication in infected individuals and ...

Scientists unlock secret of what makes plants flower

The study reveals the likely mechanism by which the Arabidopsis plant flowers in response...ists have been trying to work out exactly how this mechanism works. "Over the past couple of years several labs made exciting discoveries all pointing to the...

Flavanols in cocoa may offer benefits to the brain

...S presentation, Hollenberg suggested that the same mechanism resulting in improved blood vessel function that he and others have observed following consumption of Mars?special cocoa could also be responsible for the enhanced brain blood flow he and Professor Macdonald have independently reported in previously ...

Parasite infection may benefit MS patients

... now emerging, which offers an explanation for the mechanism by which infected hosts exhibit an altered immune response that affects a secondary antigen, as was the case in the current study. "Thus, parasites may lead to increased regulatory T cell numbers or activity, either by generating new cells or by acti...

Protein found to shield pancreatic cancer cells from self-destruction

...is, like autophagy, is a normal biological defense mechanism that systematically destroys defective cells by forcing them to kill themselves. In apoptosis, the cells die via damage to their nucleus and DNA, with other cellular organelles preserved. Autophagy kills by degrading those other organelles while spa...

Termites get the vibe on what tastes good

...d that the termites are eating, although the exact mechanism for this ability is yet to be explored. "Scientists have known for some time that termites are receptive to vibrations," Mr Inta says. "But these results demonstrate that termites' methods of food assessment are much more sophisticated that previou...

Scientists uncover new target in cancer mutation puzzle

...ent of cancer cells. This was a previously unknown mechanism of action for the p53 gene. Someday Rho may prove to be an attractive target for therapy because it is highly active only in malignant cells and not in normal cells. "Now that we understand more about the role of Rho proteins as a target of coo...

Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels

...in Cell April 20 the first evidence of a molecular mechanism that dynamically alters the strength of higher bra...said. "This is the first time we have observed the mechanism of action of a psychotropic medication in such depth, at the level of ion channels." Arnsten said...

Will the plague pathogen become resistant to antibiotics?

...veral US states. "What we've done is revealed a mechanism for the acquisition of multidrug resistance in Y. pestis. Obviously, this is an event that might have serious human health consequences. But the sequencing work we've done has given us a way to monitor this plasmid in future," says senior author Jacq...

Tumor cells evade death through autophagy

...ave now shown that autophagy represents a survival mechanism for tumor cells treated with agents that initiate tumor cell death by a process known as apoptosis. In the study, which appears online on January 18 in advance of publication in the February print issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Crai...

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