Tag: "mechanism" at biology news

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...matics to painstakingly model a critical part of a mechanism by which bacteria take up large molecules. Credit:...is have painstakingly modeled a critical part of a mechanism by which bacteria take up large molecules. Their findings provide a rare window on the complex inter...

How sneaky HIV escapes cells

... initially developed exosomes as a quality control mechanism to get rid of clumped proteins, which are generally broken and useless. However, just as retroviruses exploit other cell processes for their own ends, it now appears they rely on exosomes to get out of infected cells and infect fresh cells. As such,...

Dirty snow may warm Arctic as much as greenhouse gases

...s at UC Irvine have determined that a lesser-known mechanism -- dirty snow -- can explain one-third or more of the Arctic warming primarily attributed to greenhouse gases. Snow becomes dirty when soot from tailpipes, smoke stacks and forest fires enters the atmosphere and falls to the ground. Soot-infused sno...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...the host plant and symbiotic bacteria. This is the mechanism by which these chemicals reduce symbiosis and nitr...mmonly used agricultural chemicals shared the same mechanism of action as PCP, but with varying amounts of signal disruption. Fox, McLachlan and colleagues, ...

Study shows big power of small RNAs, not just proteins, in halting cancer

...eper understanding of a critical tumor suppression mechanism but also may provide insight into how to best engage the p53 pathway to treat cancer by killing tumor cells,” said He. ...

Newly found sensing system enables certain bacteria to resist human immune defenses

...l Institutes of Health, have discovered a survival mechanism in a common type of bacteria that can cause illness. The mechanism lets the bacteria protect itself by warding off attacks from antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which ar...

Researchers shed light on shrinking of chromosomes

...disentangle such chromosomes and acts as a back-up mechanism to rescue separation defects.” The EMBL research...s. They now hope to uncover the detailed molecular mechanism underlying the late shortening of chromosomes. This could further advance our understanding of cell ...

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...reat. "This could be part of an innate defense mechanism against Alzheimer's and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders," comments Dr. Marc Weksler, The Irving Wright Sherwood Professor of Geriatrics and professor of medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College, and senior investigator in the Phase I I...

Researchers shed light on mechanism of action used by anti-cancer drug

...sey Cancer Center researchers have uncovered a new mechanism of action of the anti-cancer drug sorafenib, which...cell biology program, VCU researchers identified a mechanism by which sorafenib inhibits protein translation, and which may be involved in reducing expression of...

Physicist cracks women's random but always lucky choice of X chromosome

...ast 10% of our genes may behave in similar ways as mechanism that "chooses" between X chromosomes. Examples of ... actually does give an evolutionary advantage. The mechanism means equal numbers of both the maternal and paternal X chromosome are preserved in the gene pool an...

Microbes at work cleaning up the environment

...is demonstrates an extracellular biomineralization mechanism that is unexpected because it involves the bacteria excreting proteins for nanoparticle aggregation away from the cells,” said Peter Weber, one of the LLNL authors of the paper appearing in the June 15 edition of the journal Science. Weber and LLN...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...d. The scientists also sought to understand the mechanism by which proteins promote nanoparticle aggregation. They found that the presence of cysteine, an amino acid that is a building block to most proteins, yielded the most extensive and prolonged aggregation, with some blobs measuring ten microns in diam...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...ld provide a working pathway for RNAi, an emerging mechanism for gene regulation. The genome sequences show that components for this pathway are absent from the other two Leishmania species. This pathway might serve as an experimental tool in understanding the role of the many genes whose function is unknown, ...

UCF nanoparticle offers promise for treating glaucoma

... the research on using nanoparticles as a delivery mechanism for the compound after supervising a student summer project at UCF. Duke University undergraduate Serge Reshetnikov spent a summer studying nanoscience on UCF’s Orlando campus as part of a Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) project funded b...

Researchers discover 'acquired' DNA key to certain bacterial infection

Researchers announced this week the discovery of a mechanism by which Mycobacterium avium – a bacterium which c...ystic fibrosis is increasing. Understanding the mechanism by how M. avium penetrates the macrophage and infects humans may eventually lead to interventions th...

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

...We have shown that there is a fundamental adaptive mechanism linking a species' locomotion with the sensory systems that process information about its environment," says Alan Walker, Evan Pugh Professor of Anthropology and Biology at Penn State University, one of the team's leaders. The researchers studied 91...

Surprising origin of cell's internal highways

...pic fibers. The findings point to a novel cellular mechanism that may guide cell movement and possibly cancer cell invasion. Microtubules are the largest of the three main types of filaments that make up the cytoskeleton -- a web of microscopic fibers inside the cell. They form when two globular protei...

Revealed -- Mosquito genes that could be controlling the spread of killer viruses

...vered genes in Aedes may provide a similar defence mechanism that can fight the disease viruses. Dr George Christophides of Imperial’s Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, senior author on the paper explains: “Our study has revealed the genetic ‘landscape’ made by parts of this mosquito’s newly-sequen...

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...urther studies suggested that this KIX-independent mechanism can act on the same gene as the KIX-dependent mechanism; and that each mechanism may or may not contribute equally to activating a specific gene. The team also found evidence that o...

A first -- Hebrew University scientist observes brain cell development in 'real time'

...e of continuous change. This method provides a mechanism for observing, for the first time in a mammal, how a neuron develops into a rich and complex cell and how, once developed, neurons are maintained in the highly active and changing environment of the brain. As for further research that some day co...

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