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Tag: "measures" at biology news

Male circumcision reduces risk of HIV transmission from women to men

...nd, using statistical models, developedinfectivity measures that estimate the per-sexual-act probability ofHIV transmission. The study is the first to calculate the probabilityof infection for men who have multiple, concurrent heterosexualpartners, which was found to be significantly higher than infectivityra...

New imaging method gives early indication if brain cancer therapy is effective, U-M study shows

A special type of MRI scan that measures the flow of water molecules through the brain can help doctors determine early in the course of brain cancer regimen if a patient's tumor will shrink, a new study shows. Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center developed...

HIV Infection Still On The Rise

Preventive measures are failing to stem the rising rate of HIV infection, warn two senior doctors in an editorial in this week's BMJ. An estimated 38 million people worldwide, including over 2 million children, are now infected with HIV, and a record 4.8 million became...

New insight into people who 'see' colors in letters and numbers

...is study uses both psychophysical and neuroimaging measures in the same subjects in the study of synesthesia, we are able to examine specific aspects of the synesthetic experience that previous studies have not been able to address." Edward M. Hubbard, A. Cyrus Arman, Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, and Geoffrey ...

Novel ultrafast laser detection of cancer cells also may improve understanding of stem cells

...reatment." The technique is effective because "it measures changes in the cell architecture, especially those arising from alterations in protein density, cytoskeleton shape, and distribution of mitochondria - changes that occur when a cell becomes cancerous," says Gourley. "One would think that if a cell b...

International trial of two microbicides begins

...ays be able to insist that their male partners use measures to prevent HIV transmission," notes NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "If effective, microbicides would be a valuable woman-controlled means of slowing the pace of the HIV/AIDS epidemic," Dr. Fauci adds. The first volunteers were enrolled this w...

MetaChip provides quick, efficient toxicity screening of potential drugs

...ays be able to insist that their male partners use measures to prevent HIV transmission," notes NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "If effective, microbicides would be a valuable woman-controlled means of slowing the pace of the HIV/AIDS epidemic," Dr. Fauci adds. The first volunteers were enrolled this w...

Measuring the impact of post-genomics on Mediterranean populations

...er the Sixth Framework Programme’s (FP6) ‘Specific measures in support of international co-operation? project proposals from MPCs are being sought to help the European Union integrate and strengthen the European Research Area, as outlined in FP6. Ideas for coordinated actions (CAs), specific targeted research...

Vascular structure and function improve with diet and exercise

Some structural and functional measures of cardiovascular disease risk may improve by the eighth week of a diet and exercise regimen, according to a study presented today at the American Heart Association's Sixth Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. "Our...

WHO Warns Of Increased Risk Of Vector-borne Diseases In Tsunami-affected Areas

...nd the national authorities have installed control measures for these. However, given the extent of destructio...breeding sites. In India, a number of anti-vector measures are being implemented, including the strengthening of vector surveillance measures, while family-siz...

Marburg haemorrhagic fever in Angola update

...lassic public health interventions. In theory, the measures needed to end the Angolan outbreak are few in numb...tunities for further spread. Such straightforward measures are complicated by the distinct features of this disease. The sudden onset, dramatic symptoms, and r...

First technology to remove prions that cause vCJD from blood launched

...cted cattle have been found. These donor deferral measures have put increased pressures on the availability of adequate supply of blood for transfusion. As the donor population becomes even more limited with each additional residency deferral, it further reduces the potential number of people giving blood an...

Measuring hormone cuts antibiotic use in half in pneumonia patients

...acterial pneumonia. Results of the blood test that measures procalcitonin levels can be obtained in only one hour, he said. They studied more than 300 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (pneumonia that is not caught while a patient is in the hospital), and randomly divided them into two groups. Once ...

Red delicious, Northern Spy apples have most antioxidants, chemists find

...and his colleagues used three different laboratory measures to evaluate polyphenol activity in apples that are popular in Canada: Red Delicious, McIntosh, Cortland, Northern Spy, Ida Red, Golden Delicious, Mutsu and Empire apples. However, the researchers did not include a number of other apples popular in th...

Measuring Enzymes At End Of Cancer Pathway Predicts Outcome Of Tarceva, Taxol

...ACR), the research team will describe how the test measures the activity of several members of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family of enzymes, which are the triggering molecules that allow a cell to grow and divide. CDK cell cycle enzymes are the end target of numerous cellular pathways that are involved...

Brain May Be Less Plastic Than Hoped

...ly anesthetized monkeys into a fMRI machine, which measures blood flow, and hence, brain activity. With the monkey's eyes held open, the team focused various grid and circle patterns on the animal's retina, centered on the fovea—a small depression in the retina where vision is most acute—and covering the blin...

WHO suspends Marburg work, appeals for new funds

...go, and Mozambique. Public compliance with control measures is not expected to improve in the absence of inten...staff and equipment have been deployed rapidly and measures are beginning to have an impact. Control of the outbreak will require intensified and sustained tech...

New miniaturised chip dramatically reduces time taken for DNA analysis

...ce in laboratories, but until now the experimental measures needed were not suitable for in situ analysis. By using the new sensors developed by UAB scientists, the time taken to identify the source of infection for Legionella would decrease from two days, as is currently the case using organic production tec...

Brain Scan Study of Smokers Reveals Signature of Craving

...them of smoking, the new results suggest that such measures may be particularly important for some smokers, he said. The Duke team is now examining methods that may help break the connection between cigarette cues and brain activity as a means of boosting quitting success rates. For example, methods in which...

Scientists discover global pattern of big fish diversity in open oceans

..." says Worm. "We have the chance and the political measures to protect some of these areas. To me, it's the most important thing in the world right now ?to keep as many pieces of the puzzle as we can before we destroy it." ...

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