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Tag: "mature" at biology news

Cerebral navigation: How do nerve fibers know what direction to grow in?

...aged axons to regenerate (normally impossible in a mature nervous system) and ultimately restore nerve function. It's been known that cells synthesize an inhibitory protein called ephrin, which binds to a receptor called Eph on the axon's growth cone. But how this triggers the axon to change course or stop...

To sea or not to sea: When it comes to salmon sex, size sometimes doesn't matter

...e brothers and sisters from the same parents don't mature and return from sea at the same time, a way of "straying in time" so that a given pair hasn't lost all their descendants if one year's worth is wiped out. There is undoubtedly an environmental aspect in all of these, he says. The most obvious being w...

Of mice and men's (and women's) contraceptives

...at specific times as germ cells differentiate into mature sperm and eggs," explains Hecht. "An equally likel... during germ cell differentiation. As cells become mature sperm, there's a precise order of synthesis of many essential proteins needed to create functional g...

Infants with Rare Genetic Disease Saved By Cord Blood Stem Cells

...cal procedure. Finally, cord blood cells are less mature than adult bone marrow cells and thus do not need to perfectly match the patient's immune-related blood proteins, called antigens, said Kurtzberg. Only four of six cord blood "antigens" must match for a transplant to have a reasonable chance of succe...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...enes that transforms an embryonic stem cell into a mature nerve cell, say Howard Hughes Medical Institute (H...EST remain, perhaps fine-tuning gene expression in mature neurons, she said. REST seems to work globally, binding to the starting points of as many as 1,000 ...

Fox Chase study shows that weakened T-cell receptor signals change T-cell lineage

...te from stem cells in the bone marrow, but B cells mature there while T cells migrate to the thymus gland, which governs their development. "The recognition and destruction of invading pathogens by T lymphocytes is essential to the ability of humans to resist disease," said Wiest. "T cells recognize these ...

Human Eggs Can Develop From Ovarian Surface Cells In Vitro

...m the culture of OSE cells developed in vitro into mature eggs suitable for fertilization and development in... that grow and rupture during ovulation to release mature eggs. However, definitive proof that new oocytes may develop in adult human females will be if they ...

Scientists use manufacturing methods to reconstruct mastodon

...sher's studies of bone damage on fossil remains of mature mastodon males—aided by 3-D computer graphics—showed that some died of wounds inflicted by the tusks of other males during combat. The Buesching mastodon, in fact, appears to have been killed in a fight with another male mastodon and then butchered b...

NCI Researchers Confirm the Effectiveness of Immunotherapy Approach to Treating Melanoma

...de by the body that makes the tumor-fighting cells mature and multiply. Of the 35 patients in this study, 18 (51 percent) experienced an improvement in the amount of tumor present at diverse sites in the body: lung, liver, lymph nodes, brain and skin. Eight other patients demonstrated a mixed or minor resp...

Stem cells in bone marrow replenish mouse ovaries

...s) generated following bone marrow transplants can mature and be fertilized to give rise to viable mouse pups, the findings provide an important first step toward investigating such potential for restoring fertility. In addition, the findings open the door for future studies examining whether restoration of...

Researchers discover stem cell 'guide' that may be key for targeting neural stem cell treatments

...of how new neurons are created and integrated into mature brain tissue," Zhou said. "This protein is an attr...he subventricular zone in the brain's core through mature tissue to reach the olfactory bulb, the "smell" part of the brain located above the sinus cavity. PK...

New method shows it is possible to grow bone for grafts within a patient's body

...ved up to their highest expectations. Working with mature rabbits, a species with bones that are very similar to those of humans, the researchers were delighted to find that this zone, which they have dubbed the "in vivo bioreactor," filled healthy bone in about six weeks. And it did so without having to co...

Researchers discover mechanism for multiplying adult stem cells

...ate themselves indefinitely, but could not produce mature tissue. One of the main obstacles with adult stem...l and multiply it in a dish without having it form mature liver tissue. This experiment showed that when Oct4 was reactivated, the adult stem cells in those ...

Molecular steps involved in the creation of gene-silencing microRNAs identified

... rise to long primary RNA molecules through to the mature miRNAs that target messenger RNA. Significantly, the research also shows that the finished miRNAs are associated with a protein called Argonaute 2, known to be involved in inactivating messenger RNA. "In this study, we were able to link processing o...

Scripps research scientists identify infertility molecule

... blocked. Infertility becomes more pronounced for mature women who are attempting pregnancy because a woman's egg production decreases with age, especially after the age of 35. Often, women will undergo treatments for infertility that range from taking hormones to stimulate ovulation to having their eggs ...

Scientists succeed in cloning human embryos from eggs matured in the lab

...or therapeutic purposes have been limited to using mature eggs (oocytes) that have reached the metaphase II stage (MII) at which ovulation and fertilisation occurs in humans. However, there are few human MII oocytes available for research because almost all that are retrieved from women seeking fertility tr...

Invitrogen Launches i-Path -- A Unique Systems Biology Platform at BIO 2005

...or therapeutic purposes have been limited to using mature eggs (oocytes) that have reached the metaphase II stage (MII) at which ovulation and fertilisation occurs in humans. However, there are few human MII oocytes available for research because almost all that are retrieved from women seeking fertility tr...

Unexpected lock and key mechanism found for the assembly of tumor blood vessels

...d the endothelia. The integrin was not produced in mature blood vessels, indicating a specific role in devel...n the nascent blood vessel's pericytes, but not in mature vessel pericytes. The two molecules, Varner discovered, work together to bring the endothelial cells...

New complete muscle grown in the lab

...and endothelial cells, which are the precursors to mature skeletal muscle and blood vessel cells. The researchers also added connective tissue cells called fibroblasts to the mix as a crucial third ingredient. "The idea is that this hopefully will be used to repair or replace damaged muscle tissue when nee...

Divergent life history shapes gene expression in brains of salmon

...s who migrate from their freshwater birthplaces to mature in oceans versus those who do not leave the freshw...and males of the same age known as "sneakers" that mature at greatly reduced size without leaving freshwater. "The finding that hundreds of the nearly 3,000 ...

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