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Tag: "maternal" at biology news

Parental genes do what's best for baby

...versity of Manchester say the prevailing view that maternal and paternal genes compete for supremacy in their ...one copy is due to a conflict between paternal and maternal interests. In the natural world, for example, males would hope to produce large offspring to give...

Mutant mice show key autism traits

...ice to be deficient in nest-forming and sexual and maternal behavior. In tests of their reaction to such sensory stimuli as bright environments, the mutant mice showed hyperactivity and increased anxiety. They also showed sporadic seizures. The researchers concluded that "the mutant mice exhibited deficits i...

US infant mortality rate fails to improve

...ould avoid the dangers to the fetus of smoking, as maternal smoking is associated with higher infant mortality rates and increased risk of preterm and low birthweight births. The March of Dimes also urges women to take a multivitamin containing folic acid prior to and during early pregnancy to reduce the risk...

Nutrition a major factor in rise in twin pregnancies

...s research had shown that improved nutrition, both maternal and in the lab in the case of IVF, had produced better and stronger embryos. "Over the last 100 years, both in the UK and Australia, there has been an increase in identical twinning through the division of the embryo into two, even without IVF", he ...

Study fishes out new role for prostaglandins

...ostaglandins on the embryo were likely obscured by maternal prostaglandin production. Because they develop outside the mother and are transparent, zebrafish embryos provide a unique model in which to examine prostaglandin's role in development. Yong Cha, a graduate student in DuBois' lab and first author on...

Sex chromosome genes influence aggression andmaternal behavior, say UVa researchers

...ecular genetics at UVa, who studied aggression and maternal behavior in genetically engineered mice. "Sex chro...ive, but in contrast they exhibited high levels of maternal behavior by picking up pups and building nests. "We know that hormones are important for developmen...

ASU researchers find link between social behavior, maternal traits in bees

...experiments, "Complex social behavior derived from maternal reproductive traits," is the cover story of the cu...r ovaries and lay eggs." Foraging for pollen is a maternal reproductive behavior in solitary species of bees, while non-reproductive solitary bees feed mostly ...

World Trade Center identifications pushed forensic DNA technology

.... While mitochondrial DNA is not unique -- entire maternal ancestry lines share the same mtDNA -- it, along with STR, could help in identification. SNPs, or single nucleotide polymorphisms, are genetic variations that occur at a single DNA location. While standard practice requires only 13 STRs to identify...

Research updates 65-year-old genetic discovery

... research found a link between social behavior and maternal traits in bees. A paper describing her experiments was the cover story of the Jan. 5 issue of "Nature," which she wrote with M. Kim Fondrk and Robert Page from ASU, and Angela Csondes from the University of California, Davis. Fondrk is a program mana...

Ethiopian development raises birth rate

Development projects designed to improve maternal and child welfare in Africa may incur unexpected costs associated with increases in family size if they do not include a component of family planning, according to new research from the University of Bristol into rural communities in Ethiopia. The r...

Birth defects: 8 million annually worldwide

...ous birth defects of post-conception origin due to maternal exposure to environmental agents, such as alcohol,...mortality that are consistent with the established maternal and child health programs. These include: Educate the community, health professionals and worke...

Study finds that nutritionally enhanced rice reduces iron deficiency

...development, and each year causes more than 60,000 maternal deaths during pregnancy and childbirth. Recent statistics from the Micronutrients Initiative of Canada and the United Nations Children's Fund indicate that more than half of the developing world's children between 6 months and 2 years of age are iro...

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

... guppies are livebearers that provide no postnatal maternal care, Reznick et al. predicted the populations would show no differences in postreproductive lifespan--which is what they found. Though overall lifespan varied among the populations, these variations stemmed from differences in time allotted only t...

Scientists unpick genetics of first 15 minutes of life

...mals. The absence or mutation of this gene in the maternal (mother's) genome explains why eggs fail to produc... cellular activities, including combining with the maternal DNA in the first act of genetic fertilisation. "A single gene, HIRA, looks after this re-packaging ...

Divergent mating systems and parental conflict as a barrier to hybridization in flowering plants

...tilization, fathers have an interest in maximizing maternal investment in their progeny, while mothers will have an interest in carefully partitioning resources among progeny to maximize their combined success. A new study in the September issue of The American Naturalist argues that with increased self-fert...

Studies clarify risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus

...aesarean section delivery, infant prematurity, and maternal history of injection drug use were not associated with HCV transmission. The overall rate of transmission of the virus from infected mother to child was 6.2 percent in the European study and 3.6 percent in the U.S. study. "Our results strongly sug...

Invitrogen Launches i-Path -- A Unique Systems Biology Platform at BIO 2005

...le pronuclei is an important stage just before the maternal and paternal chromosomes start to pair up in preparation for the first cell division. In the case of these oocytes they had undergone a pseudo-fertilisation because the pronuclei were derived from whole foreign nuclei, each one with a complete set of...

Scientists succeed in cloning human embryos from eggs matured in the lab

...le pronuclei is an important stage just before the maternal and paternal chromosomes start to pair up in preparation for the first cell division. In the case of these oocytes they had undergone a pseudo-fertilisation because the pronuclei were derived from whole foreign nuclei, each one with a complete set of...

Any exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is risky

... to a developing fetus as primary exposure through maternal smoking, according to a recent paper from the Univ... and occupational health, reports that both active maternal smoking and secondary maternal exposure result in similarly increased rates of genetic mutation that...

Antiretroviral Therapy May Prevent HIV Transmission From Breastfeeding Mothers To Infants

...and colleagues concluded, "As drug costs decrease, maternal antiretroviral therapy may be a realistic strategy to maximize prevention of mother-to-child transmission in areas where formula feeding is not safe or feasible." In an accompanying editorial, Marc Bulterys, MD, PhD, of the Centers for Disease Contr...

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