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Tag: "markers" at biology news

World's largest flower evolved from family of much tinier blooms

...ast 25 years have tracked ancestry using molecular markers in genes governing photosynthesis. Rafflesia is a non-photosynthetic parasite, and those genes have apparently been abandoned, meaning that to determine its lineage we had to look at other parts of the plant's genome." Davis and his colleagues dete...

New cell type identified in cancer development

...of normal bone marrow stem cells, nor the lineage markers most of the cancer cells had, but they did exhibit stem-like structure. The researchers suspected these unusual cells might be precancerous stems cells and designed several tests and experiments to find out more about them. They selected three pC...

Tumor-suppressor gene is critical for placenta development

...n used a second transgenic mouse in which the gene markers were placed in the Rb gene. When she crossed th...embryos had the DNA-destroying enzyme and the gene markers in their placenta stem cells. The enzyme removed the DNA between the two markers, leaving the embryo...

Indicators for risk of heart disease are higher in passive smokers

...or elsewhere results in a disproportionate rise in markers that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, ...pidemiological study to relate the levels of these markers to an objective measure of second-hand smoke exposure, rather than self-reported exposure, which can...

Early-stage sperm cells created from human bone marrow

...re scientifically known as ‘germ cells? Genetic markers showed the presence of partly-developed sperm cells called spermatagonial stem cells, which are an early phase of the male germ cell development. In most men, spermatagonial cells eventually develop into mature, functional sperm but this progression...

Study shows hope for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's

...e ERP signal, not just the P300 indicator, reveals markers that previously have not been associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The teams conducted several experiments, ultimately evaluating the parietal and occipital regions of the brains of 71 patients, some already diagnosed with Alzheimer’s and some wit...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

...bryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. They have markers consistent with both cell types. "It took this long to verify that we had a true stem cell," said Atala, who began the work seven years ago. "These cells are capable of extensive self-renewal, a defining property of stem cells. They also can be us...

RNA splicing factor implicated in ovarian tumor cell growth

...y a key role as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers in the next decade." ...

Researchers identify ovarian cancer biomarkers

Researchers have identified markers unique to the cells of blood vessels running throu...expressed. The results identified more than 70 markers that were present in large amounts in the blood vessels of cancer tissue but not in the vessels of n...

Vitamins: Science doesn't always match policy

...uest, the development of more and better surrogate markers of adverse effects will be critical. Dose-response assessments of safety are badly needed for updating recommended safe and tolerable Upper Intake Levels," he says. Rosenberg also endorses a suggestion that multivitamins should be composed of clu...

Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia

...lowed researchers to investigate more than 350,000 markers called single nucleotide polymorphisms. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are individual variations in the DNA that are spaced across the human chromosomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms function as flags for researchers, allowing them to detect spec...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

... their expression of a wide range of developmental markers unique to hair cells confirm the possibility that self-supporting hair cell precursors exist in or can be derived from the postnatal mammalian cochlea. Currently there are no clinical treatments to repair these hair cells vital to normal hearing...

Stanford-led study closes in on genes that may predispose some people to severe depression

...nkage" within families between depression and DNA markers on the various chromosomes. The linkage study ide...mosome 15. Levinson said the team studied six DNA markers in this region in the first study, and an additional 88 in the second. "We found highly significan...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...ancer cells that did not have one of three protein markers they believe to be associated with pancreatic canc...hose that had one or more of three surface protein markers -- CD44, CD24, and ESA. They chose these markers, called cell adhesion molecules, because they'd re...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

...rchers have produced mice with fluorescent protein markers that identify only the mitochondria in neurons. These structures light up with a greenish-yellow glow when the scientists look at the brains of these mice through a fluorescent microscope. The researchers have determined that the expression of the fl...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...tors that drive drug resistance; identifying viral markers that may indicate how a virus becomes deadly, adapts and transmits infection; uncovering immune system mechanisms that protect against the H5N1 avian flu virus; and identifying the factors that make animals and people susceptible to flu virus infecti...

No magic tomato? Study breaks link between lycopene and prostate cancer prevention

... cancer screening methods and to investigate early markers of cancer. "It is disappointing, since lycopene might have offered a simple and inexpensive way to lower prostate cancer risk for men concerned about this common disease," said Ulrike Peters, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research...

Chemical maps hint at drug's effects on schizophrenia

...and personality. Currently there are no biological markers that can be used to establish a diagnosis or reliably predict response to treatment or how the disease will progress. Although the prevailing theory has been that schizophrenia is caused by an imbalance in neurotransmitter molecules that help send...

Spud origin controversy solved

..., and the International Potato Center used genetic markers to prove that the remnants of the earliest known landraces of the European potato are of Andean and Chilean origin. They report their findings in the May-June 2007 issue of Crop Science. “European potatoes,?the cultivated potatoes first appearing i...

Does amateur boxing cause brain damage?

...rmine if there were elevated levels of biochemical markers for brain injury in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ... study found high CSF levels of neuronal and glial markers suggestive of brain damage after a fight. A particular marker for neuronal damage, neurofilament li...

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