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Tag: "makes" at biology news

Silence the gene, save the cell: RNA interference as promising therapy for ALS

... cellular functions, some additional function that makes it toxic to the cell. "Any mutation to the SOD1 gene is fatal to motor neuron cells," Aebischer notes. Recent research also indicates that mutant SOD1 gene expression in neighboring glial cells is also implicated in motor neuron death. Lead author C...

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

...halamus, keeping them from becoming active. "This makes perfect sense," said Dr. Yanagisawa, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at UT Southwestern. "When one group of neurons is active, the other group must be inactive, and vice versa. It's a seesaw, or flip-flop, mechanism. That's important b...

Protein That Promotes Survival Of Stem Cells Might Be Key To Poor Leukemia Prognosis

...sis in response to chemotherapy or radiation. This makes the leukemia cells resistant to treatments designed to damage the cell so it undergoes apoptosis." Opferman is continuing his studies of Mcl-1 at St. Jude to better understand the role this protein plays in both normal hematopoiesis (production of bl...

Infants With Rare Genetic Disease Saved by Cord Blood Stem Cells

... Kurtzberg. The ease of obtaining cord blood also makes it an excellent source of stem cells, she said. Cord blood is readily available because it is extracted from discarded placentas (afterbirth) following child birth. Adult bone marrow must be harvested from living donors through an invasive surgical p...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

...leagues have shown that this metal content is what makes the plants resistant to pathogens. Salt proposes a scenario in which at some point in evolutionary history some plants acquired a mutation that disrupts the salicylic acid signaling pathway, leaving them unable to fight off pathogens. "In most sett...

Study reveals new technique for fingerprinting environmental samples

...erent organisms present in nearly all environments makes it a daunting task to sequence the multitude of organisms one at a time. With the EGT approach, an abbreviated sequencing effort enables scientists to piece together the information and form a useful metabolic picture of an entire complex environment...

Brain Scans Reveal How Gene May Boost Schizophrenia Risk

...s of the gene. "A tiny variation in the gene that makes the enzyme that breaks down dopamine causes a complete flipflop ?not a mere difference in degree ?in dopamine activity in these two brain areas," explained NIMH's Dr. Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, who, along with Dr. Karen Berman and colleagues, reported...

Cerebral navigation: How do nerve fibers know what direction to grow in?

...skeleton, or internal scaffolding. This alteration makes the growth cone collapse, steering the axon in a new direction or halting its growth. In chicken motor neurons whose ephexin1 was inactivated, the axons grew into the hind limb prematurely, indicating faulty axon guidance. "Understanding these pathw...

Live vaccines more effective against horse herpes virus

...h of his choosing. Pfizer is the only company that makes MLVs for equine herpes virus. Osterrieder's preliminary study compared the effectiveness of MLV vaccines to another more widely used vaccine for equine herpes. Owners and veterinarians have been wary of live vaccines because of past incidences in wh...

Duke engineers develop new 3-D cardiac imaging probe

...imensional cross-sectional images. This limitation makes it impractical for use in guiding therapeutic treatment devices such as ablation probes that burn off damaged cells that cause an irregular heart beat. Clinicians must repeatedly and painstakingly reposition the 2-D probe during treatments so, instea...

Brain-injury rehabilitation depends on acetylcholine circuitry

...injury," the researchers wrote. "The present study makes a significant contribution toward this goal by identifying the basal forebrain cholinergic system as an essential substrate in mediating cortical plasticity and functional recovery following focal cortical injury." They also concluded that drugs tha...

Roche clinical trial registry and results database launched

...tabases provides the widest possible exposure, and makes it easy for the public to obtain important information in this area. Strict adherence to regulations of clinical trials Roche works to ensure that all its activities are performed in accordance with ethical and regulatory requirements. Moreover, Roc...

Grasping metaphors: UC San Diego research ties brain area to figures of speech

...ys greener on the other side" and "an empty vessel makes more noise." Asked to explain the sayings, the patients tended give responses that were literal. The metaphorical meaning escaped them almost entirely. When pressed to provide deeper or more general accounts, Ramachandran said, "the patients often c...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...tter, but rather how the genes are controlled that makes a difference. The regulation of gene expression is one of the most fundamental tasks of every cell in the body because many of our genes encode proteins that may only be needed occasionally. Indeed, having some of these proteins around when they are ...

Shutting down the HIV assembly line

... the multivesicular body; in other cell types, Gag makes its way from this site to the cell membrane before assembling into particles. Although many studies have demonstrated that Gag is present in the late endosome and have focused on particle assembly at that point, none have tackled how the Gag protein...

Turning viruses into allies against cancer

... virus, CD46. Overexpression of this receptor thus makes liver cancer cells ideal targets for the measles virus. The results confirmed widespread infectivity, toxicity and destruction among these cells, probably through apoptosis or programmed cell death. When the modified virus was injected directly into...

At long last, scientists figure out how plants grow

...we've all been trying to figure it out for so long makes this latest discovery very satisfying." Estelle said the finding is important for basic plant science, but may also lead to new insight into how related proteins function in animals, including humans. In a 2001 report (also in Nature), Estelle and ...

What's really making you sick? Plant pathologists offer the science behind Sick Building Syndrome

...mold, dust and other antigens also cause SBS. This makes SBS a complex problem and requires objective inspections for possible causes to detect and manage SBS. Skaria cites a need for more plant pathologists and mycologists to study building-related mold growth and development and SBS syndrome in real-worl...

Agilent Technologies releases probe sequence, annotation information for all its commercial gene expression microarrays

...updated. In that sense, release of these sequences makes the results of experiments using Agilent arrays far more valuable." This announcement is being made in conjunction with the extensive release of microarray experimental data into the public domain by the National Toxicology Program. Icoria Inc., und...

Virus-host interactions at sea effect global photosynthesis

...updated. In that sense, release of these sequences makes the results of experiments using Agilent arrays far more valuable." This announcement is being made in conjunction with the extensive release of microarray experimental data into the public domain by the National Toxicology Program. Icoria Inc., und...

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