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Tag: "made" at biology news

Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era

... ear structure. Mammalian hearing adaptation is made possible by a sophisticated middle ear of three tiny bones, known as the hammer (malleus), the anvil (incus) and the stirrup (stapes), plus a bony ring for the eardrum (tympanic membrane). The mammal middle ear bones evolved from the bones of the ...

Failure to meet United Nations sanitation target could affect millions of the world's poorest

..., some of the wealthiest developing countries have made very little progress toward the water and sanitati...r hand, some of the world's poorest countries have made impressive strides toward the targets, she said. In Myanmar, for example, where the 2005 per capita ...

Researchers from the UGR use a bacterium to obtain biopreservatives from food

...re and thermodynamic stability of the molecule. We made this study by changing the amino acids into others...different properties." The results of this work made it possible to conclude that while some of the mutated amino acids are essential for biological acti...

Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development

...igators created a variety of gp120s and eventually made the protein stiff enough to capture a picture of it in complex with b12. They saw that b12 binds gp120 at the same point where gp120 initially attaches to CD4. Unlike the gp120-CD4 interactions, however, b12 can latch onto the site of CD4's first con...

Protein sensor for fatty acid buildup in mitochondria

...of the cell's energy-rich molecules called ATP are made in the mitochondria, and these ATP molecules serve as the "currency" with which the cell can "buy" all of the biochemical reactions that keep the cell alive and performing its functions. Virtually all cells have mitochondria, and disruption of their ...

Hofmeyr skull supports the 'Out of Africa' theory

...chaic non-African groups, such as the Neandertals, made significant contributions to the genomes of modern humans in Eurasia. Until now, the lack of human fossils of appropriate antiquity from sub-Saharan Africa has meant that these competing genetic models of human evolution could not be tested by paleon...

Exploring the molecular origin of blood clot flexibility

... Clots are a three-dimensional network of fibers, made up primarily of the blood protein fibrinogen, which is converted to fibrin during clotting. A blood clot needs to have the right degree of stiffness and plasticity to stem the flow of blood when tissue is damaged, yet be flexible enough so that it do...

Researchers create artificial enzyme that mimics the body's internal engine

...ource of the cell's energy. The transport chain is made up of a series of proteins known as electron carriers. Each carrier receives electrons from the preceding one, then transfers them down the chain. The final receptor of the electrons is a molecule of oxygen that is transformed into water and, in the ...

White blood cells in lung produce histamine seen in allergies

...total lack of mast cells; the other population was made up of normal, wild-type mice. Both populations of infected mice developed pneumonia. "We thought the mice without mast cells would do better than the wild-type mice, because the infection wouldn't be provoking mast cells to release histamine," rec...

RNA enzyme structure offers a glimpse into the origins of life

...of DNA and RNA molecules is carried out by enzymes made of proteins. The instructions for making those proteins are contained in genes made of DNA or RNA (nucleic acids). The circularity of this process poses a challenge for theories about ...

Carnegie Mellon University research shows how sensory-deprived brain compensates

...r example, a patient who suffers a brain injury is made to use a poorly performing arm with the expectation that the brain may be plastic enough to assist that arm in recovering motion. "We think that our well-designed model is extremely good for future in-depth studies of brain plasticity in resp...

Proteins important in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease travel in the slow lane

...ermittent transport behavior of individual cargoes made the overall population slow and suggests that fast and slow proteins use the same basic mechanisms for transport. Surprisingly, the videos also revealed that multiple slow proteins are transported together as "packets," essentially piggy-backing ...

Racing neurons control whether we stop or go

...finish line first determines whether a movement is made or not. Though the model accurately explains behav...del to explain behavior and in many ways it’s just made up," Logan said. "But then you find out that it says something about what the neurons are doing, and...

Lost dogs found more often than lost cats, study suggests

...s. Six dogs (4.5 percent) and two cats (3 percent) made it home because of an advertisement in the newspaper. "Less than half of the pet owners in this study hung signs around their neighborhood," Lord said. "But this could be a very effective way to find a pet. If someone loses a pet, they should get s...

Out of Africa -- Bacteria, as well

When man made his way out of Africa some 60,000 years ago to populate the world, he was not alone: He was accompanied by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which causes gastritis in many people today. Together, man and the bacterium spread throughout the entire wo...

Growth hormone is not the anti-aging bullet for healthy adults

...if there is any validity behind some of the claims made about growth hormone's anti-aging properties. ...hormone. "Think about all the scientific claims made on anti-aging Web sites based on this small population of patients. The FDA typically doesn't approv...

Producing medicines in plant seeds

...dicines A large number of today's medicines are made with the aid of biotechnology (and this number should only grow in the future). To do this, scientists use genetically modified bacteria, yeasts, or animal cells that are able to produce human proteins. These proteins are then purified and administer...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...osis transmembrane conductance regulator. SMase is made by the bacteria that cause pneumonia, some anthrax-causing bacteria, and bacteria that cause opportunistic infections in CF and AIDS patients. In healthy lungs, CFTR allows the passage of chloride ions (and accompanying water) into airways, creati...

QUT scientists on the way to sifting out a cure for HIV

...ogy is that the alumina and titania nanofibres are made from compounds produced in abundance in Australia. "It's literally home-grown technology," he said. "Titania is a compound found in beach sand and alumina is an intermediate product of aluminium which is the third most abundant element in the e...

New research says winning a Nobel Prize adds nearly 2 years to your lifespan

...denly dropped on them. They also come with a ready made control group they can be directly measured against - scientists who were nominated for a Nobel prize but did not actually win one. The researchers looked at winners and nominees in physics and chemistry between 1901 and 1950 (the full list of nom...

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