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Tag: "macrophages" at biology news

Scientists find missing enzyme for tuberculosis iron scavenging pathway

... be true even of the bacteria that are taken up by macrophages in the lung and enter a dormant state ?these are the hardest to attack with drugs." ...

Research Gives Hope For Liver Damage

...identifiedtwo separate populations of immune cells macrophages in the liver. Onegroup of macrophages causes scarring to the liver, but the next wave ofimmune cells, produced only a few days later, chan...

Antibiotic might fight HIV-induced neurological problems

...e somehow suppresses replication of HIV and SIV in macrophages -- the immune cells recruited to the brain during HIV infection -- and lymphocytes -- immune cells that carry "sleeping" HIV and SIV even when antiretroviral treatment is effective. "If this preliminary observation holds up, minocycline could be rea...

Molecule that usually protects infection-fighting cells may cause plaque deposits inside arteries

...nfection and foreign substances. The AIM-protected macrophages go on to encourage buildup of fats on the interior... "We found that AIM is highly expressed in certain macrophages and that lack of AIM dramatically decreased early atherosclerotic lesion development in mice," Dr. M...

Iron exporter revealed that may explain common human disorder

...erroportin, leading to increased iron release from macrophages and enhanced intestinal absorption. Indeed, patients with the disease exhibit a deficiency of hepcidin, a hormone that binds ferroportin and targets it for destruction. Drugs that inhibit or degrade ferroportin might therefore curb the iron overload...

Researchers report new pro-inflammatory role for anti-inflammatory enzyme

...tists also showed that endotoxin activates eNOS in macrophages and that this effect is an essential trigger for the induction of iNOS. "eNOS has until recently been thought to act principally in an anti-inflammatory manner," notes Dr. Hobbs. "The results of our study show clearly that eNOS can also act in a pro...

Leprosy microbes lead scientists to immune discovery

...ay cause blindness. The scientists found DC-SIGN+ macrophages in both types of leprosy infections. The CD1b+ cells were present only in the milder form, indicating a successful battle against the leprosy bacterium. They were missing, however, in the more severe leprosy infections, meaning that the monocytes had...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

...crophages, which engulf and destroy pathogens. The macrophages also fight the pathogens by producing large amounts of chemicals that induce inflammation and help the body clear the infection. One of the components of the innate immune system that scientists have been studying for the last several years is a fam...

A molecule impedes the destruction of the 'Brucella' bacteria

...erculosis or legionelosis. Brucella penetrates the macrophages within membranous vesicles that are not fused with lysosomes (structures containing cellular products necessary to destroy bacteria) as occurs in other micro-organisms. On the contrary, they reach certain compartments within the macrophage. Here the ...

Secrets to antibody's success against West Nile Virus surprise scientists

...peutic antibodies' ability to stop reproduction in macrophages even worked when the virions were simultaneously exposed to antibodies known to enhance infection. "Do the therapeutic antibodies also prevent the virus from properly injecting its genetic material into macrophages? It's a tempting possibility, bu...

Muscle repair: Making a good system better, faster; implications for aging, disease

...activity of a variety of growth factors." Role of macrophages likely important Confirming earlier studies indicating a critical role of the plasminogen system in muscle repair, the UIC-Michigan team reported that deficiency in uPA pretty much eliminated muscle regeneration after injury. Muscles in animals with...

Visceral Leishmaniasis: Successful Vaccine Trial In Dogs

...lymphocytes of type Th1. These induce the infected macrophages to produce nitric oxide, highly toxic for cells. T... did not occur in the untreated dogs, thus enables macrophages to get rid of the parasites that are infecting them. The animal thus acquires long-term protection a...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

... that, in a matter of seconds, dendritic cells and macrophages can send waves of calcium and other small molecule... anticipated that by repeating the experiment with macrophages there'd be no response. But as luck would have it, the microscopic bacteria sample somehow got clogg...

Results of world's first gene therapy trial for arthritis show approach safe, feasible

...n rheumatoid arthritis, immune system cells called macrophages and lymphocytes colonize the lining of joints where they release proteins called cytokines that modulate communication between the immune cells and synovial cells, the cells that line the joint. As the researchers discovered in earlier animal studies...

Scavenger cells could be key to treating HIV-related dementia

Understanding macrophages could lead to ways to prevent HIV-associated demen...y this month. Researchers found that HIV-infected macrophages in the brain continuously travel to the temporal lobe, a part of the brain Alzheimer's disease often...

UQ scientists break new ground in fight against infection & chronic disease

... Mr Jason Kay and Mr Daniele Sangermani discovered macrophages use a single pathway to orchestrate two different ...aid when disease-causing microbes infect the body, macrophages respond by engulfing and killing the microbes. "The cells also release chemical messengers to boos...

University of Delaware researchers develop cancer 'nanobomb'

... the nanobombs are exploded and kill cancer cells, macrophages can effectively clear the cell debris and the exploded nanotube along with it. Other treatments retain the carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles intact. If the material finds its way to the kidney or accumulates in the blood vessels, the nanoparticle...

Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce

...eal that the pathogens escape the 'stomach' of the macrophages which might otherwise digest them. Action station...ce mechanism and survive or even multiply in these macrophages which are actually supposed to kill them. One of these pathogens is Rhodococcus equi. This bacteri...

Shorter colds, milder flu may follow from newly revealed immune mechanism

...o help fight viral infections, immune cells called macrophages consume virus-infected cells to stop the spread of...School of Medicine in St. Louis have uncovered how macrophages keep from succumbing to the infection themselves. Boosting this mechanism may be a way to speed reco...

How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis infect the lung?

...he natural target of Mycobacterium) and found that macrophages from patients with TB had much more the DC-SIGN protein on their surface than macrophages from patients with other diseases or from the control individuals. They then took macrophages from...

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