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Tag: "machinery" at biology news

NIAID begins clinical trial of West Nile virus vaccine

...the vaccine is injected into the muscle, the inner machinery of the muscle cells "reads" the DNA and converts it into two WNV proteins. Recognizing that the proteins are foreign, the muscle cells display them on their surface to alert the body's immune system--both helper T cells, which spur the production of ...

Novel gene-silencing nanoparticles shown to inhibit Ewing's sarcoma

...coma tumors. Once inside these cells, the genetic machinery of the tumor cells are effectively silenced or shut down, preventing further growth. "This is the first study to show that systemic administration of siRNA can inhibit disseminated tumor growth," said Siwen Hu, a postdoctoral fellow at Children's Ho...

Shutting down the HIV assembly line

... immunodeficiency virus hijacks that cell's normal machinery to produce carbon copies of itself. New HIV particles roll off the cellular assembly lines, burst like bubbles out of the cell, and float off to invade other cellular factories. Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigators have now identified a...

U-M team recovers ancient whale in Egyptian desert

...ion - a process within the cell's power-generating machinery called oxidative phosphorylation. The inhibition of this function, in turn, is what the researchers believe causes the organism to shut down metabolically and enter a hibernation-like state. In each case, upon re-exposure to normal room air, the orga...

Buying Time Through Hibernation on Demand

...ion - a process within the cell's power-generating machinery called oxidative phosphorylation. The inhibition of this function, in turn, is what the researchers believe causes the organism to shut down metabolically and enter a hibernation-like state. In each case, upon re-exposure to normal room air, the orga...

Gene Therapy Cures Inherited Liver Disease In Rats

...erm effect. It does not become part of the genetic machinery of the cell and poses no risk of causing cancer, said Lee. "This approach would be applicable to many diseases where you are trying to put something back, targeting the liver," he said. He is hesitant to predict when the treatment can be tried in h...

New component of the 'brakes' on nerve regeneration found

...cord and brain cells after injury is the "braking" machinery in neurons that prevents regeneration. While peripheral nerves have no such machinery and can readily regenerate, central nervous system (CNS) neurons have their brakes firmly in place a...

Effective Cancer Treatments Follow The Clock

... discover the molecular signals from the circadian machinery to the immune system that might prove to be useful drug targets.?/p>...

How an AIDS-Related Cancer Unleashes Inflammation

...e more cytokine proteins the cell's protein-making machinery is able to synthesize, said Ganem. The activation of MK2 also increases production of blood-vessel-forming, or angiogenic factors, including the protein VEGF. The activation of angiogenesis pathways by kaposin B fits with observations made in patien...

Key Trigger Of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Found

...ered an important chemical in the brain's neuronal machinery that triggers some of the withdrawal symptoms of o...ing addicts kick their habits. To zero in on the machinery underlying withdrawal symptoms, researchers led by Elena Bagley and Macdonald Christie of the Pain M...

Examination of internal 'wiring' of yeast, worm, and fly reveals conserved circuits

...functionally important proteins are assembled into machinery from one species to another is also, to a certain degree, conserved," said Ideker. "The circuitry is not exactly the same. In fact, there are striking differences that warrant more investigation." The team included Roded Sharan, a computer scientist...

The very unexpected life and death of a leukemic cell

...o find any problems with the programmed cell death machinery in CLL cells. This was a hint that perhaps the leukemia cells were not immortal, a hypothesis tested by Nicholas Chiorazzi and colleagues in a paper appearing online on February 10 in advance of publication in the March 1 print edition of the Journal...

Novel ultrafast laser detection of cancer cells also may improve understanding of stem cells

... get outside the area, and hijacks the respiratory machinery of a cell." The biocavity laser It is these changes - a kind of beefing-up of the criminal forces - that Gourley's device, called a biocavity laser, detects. A nano-thin layering of gallium aluminum arsenide combinations send up numerous tiny beam...

Critical role in programmed cell death identified

...ool geneticists have found links in the cell death machinery of worms and mammals, opening new avenues for stud...facilitates genetic manipulation. Their cell death machinery is simple, with one component for each of the different factors involved in the central cell killing...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

...e HIV have evolved myriad ways of redirecting that machinery to their own benefit. Humans and other eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymerases, each charged with transcribing different types of genetic elements. RNA polymerase II transcribes protein-coding genes. RNA polymerases join with so-called genera...

New Technique for Tracking Gene Regulators

...and C) thatmake up the source code for running the machinery of the cell ?we arejust beginning to decipher it,?said biologist John Dunn, who ledBrookhaven’s role in the research. “It’s as if we have in our hands agiant book of life, but we are barely beginning to learn how to readit.?“Our technique gives us a ...

Plants respond similarly to signals from friends, enemies

...in plants but may be using the very same bacterial machinery against it." The study started as a graduate research project of Ravisha R. Weerasinghe, the lead author of the paper, in the lab of Dr. Nina Allen, professor of botany and co-author of the paper. Weerasinghe first observed the changes in the plants...

Timing is everything: First step in protein building revealed

...scientists found that when yeast'sprotein-building machinery recognizes the starting line for a gene'sinstructi...'s mere presence on theyeast ribosome prevents the machinery from getting started. Only afterits release from the complex can the ribosome start making proteins....

Neuronal 'traffic jam' marks early Alzheimer's disease

...tage Alzheimer's disease involves a failure of the machinery that transports proteins within neurons. In studie... without an overt genetic defect, as the transport machinery in their neurons breaks down with age. "A person could have a predisposition to the disease, or it c...

New binding target for oncogenic viral protein

...ugh which these viruses interact with the cellular machinery that regulates cell division may lead to new insights into the pathways that cause cancer. This is an important step to designing new cancer treatment strategies that target these pathways," concluded Dr. Clurman. ...

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