Tag: "machinery" at biology news

What Makes The Brain Tick, Tick, Tick: Researchers Gaining New Insights Into Brain's Internal Clock

...anging your position in space." Understanding the machinery of interval timing is profoundly difficult because...of previous durations. Such features have made the machinery of interval timing more elusive, and some even questioned whether an internal clock of this sort eve...

Purdue researchers find key to rice blast fungus

...ue University scientists to discover the molecular machinery that enables the pathogen to blast its way into rice plants. The fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, which is known as rice blast fungus, is the most deadly of the pathogens that attack rice, reducing yields by as much as 75 percent in infected areas. Learn...

UW scientists report a new method to speed bird flu vaccine production

...n nature, viruses commandeer a cell's reproductive machinery to make new virus particles, which go on to infect other cells and make yet more virus particles. Vaccine makers use a monkey kidney cell line to make non-virulent viruses that serve as the raw material for vaccines.The technique reported by the Wis...

North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome

...entify two peculiar features of the protein-making machinery of the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Their ... something strange about the genetic translational machinery of the Chagas parasite. Unlike in other organisms, an identical string of 39 nucleotides is spliced ...

Using the genomic shortcut to predict bacterial behavior

...duction of pesticides and fertilizer, running farm machinery and irrigating, grinding and transporting the crop) and in fermenting/distilling the ethanol from the water mix. Although additional costs are incurred, such as federal and state subsidies that are passed on to consumers and the costs associated with...

Ethanol and biodiesel from crops not worth the energy

...duction of pesticides and fertilizer, running farm machinery and irrigating, grinding and transporting the crop) and in fermenting/distilling the ethanol from the water mix. Although additional costs are incurred, such as federal and state subsidies that are passed on to consumers and the costs associated with...

Virus uses tiny RNA to evade the immune system

... first to show how a virus uses the gene silencing machinery for its own infectious purposes. In people, plants, and worms, hundreds of tiny RNA molecules can silence specific genes by interfering with larger messenger RNAs (mRNAs). That interference prevents mRNAs from making proteins. Scientists do not know...

Stressed cells spark DNA repair missteps and speed evolution

...print. Usually, when this happens, special protein machinery in the cell copies the missing DNA from another chromosome and rejoins the broken ends around the newly synthesized genetic material. "It fixes the hole in the DNA by copying similar information," said Rosenberg. However, when the process goes wron...

Evolution of life on Earth may hold key to finding life in outer space

...e examining the various components of the ribosome machinery trying to learn what parts came first and what was...ribosome are shared by all organisms, we know this machinery is very, very old," Fox said. "If we can discover the earliest aspects, then scientists may be able ...

Researchers find how some antibiotics kill bacteria

...eria called RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is the machinery that keeps bacteria going ?a bacterium cannot carry out gene expression without it. Cut off gene expression and bacteria are dead. In their study, the researchers looked at the effects of rifapentin and rifabutin on E. coli RNA polymerase. With rece...

Clearing jams in copy machinery

...cation in the face of DNA damage. The replication machinery inside the cell's nucleus is made up of a collection of enzymes including DNA polymerases, sliding clamps and clamp loaders. Bacteria have five known DNA polymerases (higher organisms such as humans have more). As the ring-shaped beta sliding clamp w...

Once given 'no respect,' cells' tiny RNAS take driver's seat

...lymphoma. MicroRNAs are made by the same cellular machinery that makes other forms of RNA -- like the messenge...r, microRNAs are immediately processed by cellular machinery that deals with what is known as RNA interference -- a biological phenomenon that specifically preve...

UIC developing drug for SARS

..., the SARS virus multiplies rapidly, hijacking the machinery of the cells it infects to clone itself over and over again. One of the first steps in that process is the production of a long chain of proteins, all of which are needed for the virus to propagate. Two enzymes, or proteases, clip the chain to relea...

Simple sea sponge helps scientists understand tissue rejection

...l of this research is to provide insights into the machinery behind human tissue rejection and immune responses in hopes of someday being able to control these processes and save lives. ...

Study: Predatory dinosaurs had bird-like pulmonary system

...d. It appears that these animals had the pulmonary machinery for enhanced gas exchange, O'Connor explained, which would have pushed them closer to being warm-blooded creatures. Previous research that pointed to a more crocodilian-like pulmonary system was based on a study of two dinosaur skeletons encased in ...

Researchers create infectious hepatitis C virus in a test tube

...not replicate by itself; instead it takes over the machinery of a host cell to make copies of itself. Much about the life cycle of HCV remains poorly understood because scientists have been unable to reproduce an infectious form of HCV that they can observe in cell cultures. The method developed by Rice and hi...

'Shifty-eyed' Monkeys Offer Window Into Brain's Social Reflexes

...sides offering a basic understanding of the neural machinery of such social reflexes, said Platt, such a model could yield insights into such disorders as autism. 'Children with autism tend not to orient to other individuals,' he said. 'They don't tend to look other people in the eye, and in particular they sh...

Gene discovery sheds light on causes of rare disease, cancer

...food-borne illness, commandeers cellular transport machinery to invade cells and hide from the body's immune sy...w Listeria invades cells by activating cellular machinery that transports viruses, small molecules, and proteins. Once it has safely entered a cell, the micro...

Hide and seek: Researchers discover a new way for infectious bacteria to enter cells

...food-borne illness, commandeers cellular transport machinery to invade cells and hide from the body's immune sy...w Listeria invades cells by activating cellular machinery that transports viruses, small molecules, and proteins. Once it has safely entered a cell, the micro...

Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma

...mal cell behavior. But just how a cell's molecular machinery eliminates long introns without making errors has puzzled scientists for years. Now, investigators at Carnegie Mellon University have discovered that a novel mechanism, called recursive splicing, removes long introns by steadily paring them down in...

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