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Tag: "machine" at biology news

The molecular post office inside the cell

...e membrane. Knowing the structure of the molecular machine helps scientists to understand how secretory and m...n active ribosome - that is, the protein synthesis machine in the cell - called the signal recognition particle (SRP), and its corresponding receptor. It is th...

Acidity in the brain could hold the key to stroke treatment

...ed an NMR technique which can be translated into a machine that can image acidity in the brain. "If we can map stroke damage accurately, doctors will have a better chance to provide more targeted and effective treatment. Current techniques often only enable one to see damage once it is too late to intervene...

MIT 'seeing machine' offers hope to blind

...isit" unfamiliar buildings and more. Recently the machine received positive feedback from 10 visually challe...ter for Advanced Visual Studies. She developed the machine over the last 10 years, in collaboration with more than 3O MIT students and some of her personal eye...

Cigarette smoke blocks cell repair mechanism, University of Florida study shows

...to cigarette smoke condensate-a tar derived from a machine that literally "smokes" a cigarette in the laboratory-and found the cells acquired mutations characteristic of malignant cells. The scientists say DNA repair appears to be compromised when chemical components of smoke activate a key gene. That gene...

What's shaped like a pear and has 2 genomes? Check the pond

...ns), for instance, Tetrahymena has built an eating machine that allows it to digest nearly any protein it encounters. Among its most quirky features, Tetrahymena has, inside each of its cells, two distinct nuclei, each with a different genome. Inside one nucleus, the "micronuclear" genome is reserved for s...

U of M study examines kidney stone prevention in astronauts

... combination with hydration therapy, exercise in a machine that simulates gravity could reduce the astronaut's risk of developing kidney stones, a condition that could be particularly painful and lead to an aborted mission," Monga said. ...

ANU scientists crack DNA replication mystery

... In all cells, DNA is copied by a large molecular machine called the replisome. The replisome does two things: it pulls the two DNA strands apart, and then it makes copies of both of the strands at the same time. "You can think of the strand separation part like a snowplough. The replisome tracks along one ...

Unique equine cataract surgery offered on routine basis

...val. The team adapted a human phacoemulsification machine for equine use, which breaks up a cataract through ultrasound. They combined this with a technique commonly used in remote Indian Eye Camps to dislodge the cataract via the anterior eye chamber using a jet of saline. The teams remove the lens using ...

The closest look ever at the cell's machines

...ogistical nightmare if the cell had to build every machine from scratch any time it needed to do something," ...izing additional, snap-on molecules that give each machine a precise function. That provides an economic way to diversify biological processes and also to cont...

For one Stanford doctor, the beat goes on during open-heart surgery

...part, due to the overall success of the heart-lung machine over the past 40 years. In other words, if it ain't broke, why fix it? But proponents of beating-heart surgery, such as Ihnken, point to the risks associated with conventional bypass surgery, including blood loss, stroke and kidney failure. Because ...

York researchers develop pollution-busting plants to clean up contaminated land

...g in the soil but putting it into a more efficient machine to biodegrade the RDX. It is a sustainable, low maintenance and low cost process which has the potential to clean up large areas of land in military training ranges or industrial sites." So far, the research has involved redeploying the enzyme into ...

Scientist uses dragonflies to better understand flight

... engineers can use these ideas to build a flapping machine as efficient as a fixed-wing aircraft. Questions of size and feasibility remain. "To hover well or to fly for a long time is hard, especially at slow speeds," she said. "Power is limited. So finding these efficient motions is very important." Still...

Liquid ventilation

...as developed a liquid respiration respirator. The machine simulates placentary respiration by filling the lu... and introduces the next oxygenated dose. The same machine carries out the removal of CO2 from the perfluorocarbon and adds oxygen to it. Being full of liquid...

Clawed frog helps Fanconi anemia research make leaps

...ted, scientists can use chemicals and a centrifuge machine to keep its DNA from replicating. This creates a convenient extract rich in all the essential components ready for full replication. Then, by chemically activating the extract and adding sperm DNA from the male frog, the proteins in the extract unw...

Poison + water = hydrogen. New microbial genome shows how

...to manipulate the poisonous gas. Each form of the machine appears to allow the organism to use carbon monoxide in a different way. Most other organisms that live on carbon monoxide have only one form of this machine. In other words, while other organisms may have the equivalent of a modest mixing bowl to ...

Bees solve complex colour puzzles

...earn to find a simple flower in a meadow, which no machine can do at present. Our lab has reconstructed our specially designed bee flight arena - known as the Bee Matrix - in the virtual world, where virtual autonomous bees are 'evolving' under exactly the same conditions as those experienced by our real bee...

Argonne researchers confirm lead in Beethoven's illness

...tions and Research beamline. "The APS is the best machine in the country to perform the research in this detail," said Ken Kemner, one of the Argonne researchers involved in the project. The group used microimaging to look at the distribution of lead in and on both the bone fragment and the hair to identify...

New, unique microscope for nanotech

...scanning confocal microscope, the first commercial machine of its kind. The atomic force microscope was built by Asylum Research of Santa Barbara and the confocal microscope system by Olympus America Inc. Integration of the two systems was carried out by Asylum Research with the participation of scientists ...

New U. of Colorado at Boulder flu chip may help combat future epidemics, pandemics

...scent dye, and such "hits" light up like a pinball machine when the chip is inserted into a laser scanner. The Flu Chip also should be able to recognize mutations that might occur in avian flu H5N1, which has been spreading rapidly from bird to bird in Asia, Russia and parts of Europe, said Kuchta. While t...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...into messenger RNA by the large, complex molecular machine known as RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). RNAPII works ...ir surprise, however, adding another large protein machine called Transcription Factor IIH (TFIIH) allowed XPG to cut the DNA strand at the appropriate place -...

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